## Abstract Induction of T cell tolerance in the thymus (central tolerance) is essential for preventing organβspecific autoimmunity. This apparent paradox is in part explained by promiscuous expression of numerous tissueβrestricted selfβantigens (TRA) in medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTEC), wh
The expression of self antigenic determinants: implications for tolerance and autoimmunity
β Scribed by Mark J. Mamula; Joe Craft
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1994
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 706 KB
- Volume
- 6
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0952-7915
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
β¦ Synopsis
T lymphocytes respond to small peptides in the context of major histocompatibility molecules and a host of other cell-surface proteins on antigen-presenting cells. By design, therefore, T-cell responses are dependent on the efficient and accurate processing of both foreign and self peptides by antigen-presenting cells. This review examines the functions of T ceils that may be specific for self peptides processed and presented under less than ideal conditions or outside the normal pathways of antigen processing. Do these T cells survive selection events and remain in the repertoire of normal lymphocytes? Moreover, can these cells become activated and are they important in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity?
π SIMILAR VOLUMES
Alterations in amino acid sequence can generate neo-epitopes from self proteins, causing autoaggressive immune attack. There is a range of possible post-translational modifications (PTMs) of mammalian proteins that can allow immune recognition of neo-self epitopes. These effects can vary from overt
The thymus expresses many genes previously thought to be specific for cell types in other organs. Thus, insulin genes are expressed in rare cells of the thymic medulla. Thymus transplantation demonstrates a functional capability of such expression for self-tolerance induction. Correlative studies su
Recent studies have increased our understanding of the nature of autoimmune recognition and of the identity of autoantigens, at least in model systems. Knowledge of the autoantigens and the process of recognition is suggesting new therapies for autoimmune disease.