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The anodic oxidation of methanol: Open-circuit transient reactions

โœ Scribed by J.E. Oxley; G.K. Johnson; B.T. Buzalski


Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
1964
Tongue
English
Weight
920 KB
Volume
9
Category
Article
ISSN
0013-4686

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โœฆ Synopsis


Open circuit potential/time decay characteristics of pre-anodized platinum-black electrodes were studied in the presence of methanol, formaldehyde and formic acid in 5 N H,SO,. An electrode covered with a layer of chemisorbed oxygen is passive towards electro-oxidation processes. On open circuit the "oxide " is reduced at a very slow rate by methanol or its partial oxidation products. When the potential decays into a region where the cathodic reduction of oxide can occur, an accelerating reaction develops. This is mixed electrochemical process comprising the separate cathodic and anodic components PtO+2H++2e+Pt+H,O and in the case of formic acid, HCOOH + CO* + 2H+ + 2e.

The oxide is quickly reduced and a burst of CO* is evolved from the electrode surface while the potential falls very rapidly to a value close to that of the hydrogen electrode. The amount of CO, evolved was analysed quantitatively using a constant volume method and shown to be faradaicrdly related to the oxygen coverage. The diierent behaviour of CH,OH, HCHO and HCOOH is interpreted in terms of the mechanism of the over-all anodic oxidation process of CHIOH. R&rum&Les caractiristiques en conditions d'horscircuit dWctrodes de platine pr&anodi&s ont 6te etudi6es en presence de CH,OH, HCHO et HCOOH dans 5 N H&SO,. Une electrode, recouverte dune couche d'oxyg&ne chimiquement adsorb4 est passive aux processus d'&ctrooxidation. En conditions d'hors-circuit "l'oxide" est r6duit lentement par CHIOH ou ses produits d'oxidation intermediaires. Quand le potentiel tombe dans une region oh la reduction cathodique de l'oxide existe, une reaction ac&lMe se produit; qui est un processus &ctrochimique mixte cornpod de deux &apes, une cathodique et l'autre anodique, et pour HCOOH, PtO+2H++2e-+Pt+H,O HCOOH -+ CO, + 2Hf + 2e. L'oxide est rapidement r&luit et une poussee de CO, se degage de la surface de Mectrode tandis que le potentiel tombe rapidement vets le potentiel d'hydrogene. La quantit6 de CO* degagee a &ttQ analy&e quantitativement par une m&ode a volume constant et il a ett6 d6montr6 que le recou~e ment d'oxyg&ne est faradaique en rapport du CO* produit. Le comportement ditRrent de CH80H, HCHO et HCOOH est interpret6 en fonction du mecanisme de l'oxidation totale du CH*OH. Zusamme&ssm~B-Stromlose Zeitspamumgseigenschaften von vor-anodiziertem platiniertem Platin wurden in Anwesenheit von CH,OH, HCHO und HCOOH in 5 N HISO, untersucht. Eine mit einer Schicht von chemisorbiertem Sauerstoff bedeckte Elektrode ist fiir Elektrooxydationen passiv. Im stromlosen Zustand wird dieses "Oxyd" langsam reduziert durch CHIOH oder dessen Zwischenoxydationsprodukte. Fallt das Potential in ein Bereich wo das Oxyd kathodisch reduziert werden kann, so tritt eine selbstbeschleunigende Reaktion ein. Diese besteht aus einer elektrochemischen Mischreaktion von separaten anodischen und kathodischen Teilen, wie folgt und fiir HCOOH, PtO+2H++2e+Pt+H,O HCOOH -+ CO* + 2Hf + 2e. Das Oxyd wird schnell reduziert, wobei eine pliitzliche Gasentwicklung (CO,) an der Elektrodenoberllache sichtbar ist und das Potential fslllt schnell in die Richtung der Wasserstoffelektrode. Die Menge CO* wurde quantitativ festgestellt mittels einer konstanten Vol umenmethode, wobei gezeigt werden konnte, dass dieae in einen faradaischen Zusammenhang mit der Sauerstoff bedeckung steht. Das verschiedene Verhalten des CH*OH, HCHO, oder HCOOH wird an Hand des Mechanisms der anodischen Oxydation des CH,OH erkllrt.


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