Optimization of E-shaped patch antenna

✍ Scribed by Antonio C. O. Pedra; Giovani Bulla; Paulo Serafini; Alvaro Salles

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 2010
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 734 KB
• Volume: 52
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0895-2477
• DOI: 10.1002/mop.25227

✦ Synopsis

shows the phase imbalance between 3 and 4 GHz. The phase imbalance of the triple-section miniaturized hybrid is very similar to that of the conventional hybrid. Table 1 summarizes the measured data in terms of physical size and electrical performance of the fabricated hybrids. It can be seen that with a 61% smaller footprint, the triple-section miniaturized hybrid provides a very similar performance to that of the conventional hybrid.

4. CONCLUSION

This work presents an approach to improve the electrical performance of miniaturized branch line hybrid couplers.

Size reduction is obtained by using capacitively loaded high impedance transmission lines in II configuration and placement of the capacitors in the open inner area of the hybrid. It is shown that the bandwidth of such designs can be improved significantly by approximating the quarter wave transmission lines with more than one II-section. Electromagnetic simulations and experimental data show that using three lowpass II sections per transmission-line results in comparable bandwidth performance in terms of amplitude and phase response to that of a conventional design. However, the physical size of the coupler designed with the proposed technique has a more than 61% smaller footprint than that of a conventional design.

Thus, the proposed approach enables the design of high performance miniaturized branch line couplers for a broad range of applications and technologies.