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Joining the loops: β-Globin gene regulation

✍ Scribed by Daan Noordermeer; Wouter de Laat

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2008
Tongue
English
Weight
299 KB
Volume
60
Category
Article
ISSN
1521-6543

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

The mammalian β‐globin locus is a multigene locus containing several globin genes and a number of regulatory elements. During development, the expression of the genes changes in a process called “switching.” The most important regulatory element in the locus is the locus control region (LCR) upstream of the globin genes that is essential for high‐level expression of these genes. The discovery of the LCR initially raised the question how this element could exert its effect on the downstream globin genes. The question was solved by the finding that the LCR and activate globin genes are in physical contact, forming a chromatin structure named the active chromatin hub (ACH). Here we discuss the significance of ACH formation, provide an overview of the proteins implicated in chromatin looping at the β‐globin locus, and evaluate the relationship between nuclear organization and β‐globin gene expression. © 2008 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 60(12): 824–833, 2008

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