## Abstract The surface properties of materials are believed to control most of the biological reactions toward implanted materials. To study the surface structure, elemental distribution, and morphology, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques, thin foils of the surface (in crossβs
Cross-section transmission electron microscopy of the ion implantation damage in annealed diamond
β Scribed by T.E. Derry; E.K. Nshingabigwi; M. Levitt; J. Neethling; S.R. Naidoo
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 2009
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 268 KB
- Volume
- 267
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0168-583X
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β¦ Synopsis
It has formerly been shown that low-damage levels, produced during the implantation doping of diamond as a semiconductor, anneal easily while high levels ''graphitize" (above about 5.2 Γ 10 15 ions/ cm 2 ). The difference in the defect types and their profiles, in the two cases, has never been directly observed. We have succeeded in using cross-section transmission electron microscopy to do so. The experiments were difficult because the specimens must be polished to $40 lm thickness, then implanted on edge and annealed, before final ion beam thinning to electron transparency. The low-damage micrographs reveal some deeply penetrating dislocations, whose existence had been predicted in earlier work.
π SIMILAR VOLUMES
TEM sample preparation, VLSI, semiconductor processing, Defect analysis A cross-sectional sample preparation technique is described that relies on lithographic and dry-etching processing, thus avoiding metallographic polishing and ion milling. The method is capable of producing cross-sectional trans
## INTRODUCTION. The high temperature oxidation of alumina-and chromia-forming metals and alloys has been studied for many years. Although it is fairly easy to produce TEM cross-sections of the adherent scales formed on alloys containing reactive elements it has proved more difficult to cross-sect