Foreword
Preface
Contents
Contributors
Part I: Introduction and Foundations of Clinical Practice
Chapter 1: Understanding the Past, Present, and Future of Clinical Neuropsychology from a Health Service Provider Perspective
Understanding the History of Clinical Neuropsychology
The Past: Foundations of Clinical Neuropsychology
Origins of Neuropsychology
History of Rehabilitation
The World Wars
Early Neuropsychologists
The Present: Current Practice of Clinical Neuropsychologist
The Health Service Provider and Clinical Practice
Understanding Medicine as It Relates to Psychology
Practice of Clinical Neuropsychology
Who Are Clinical Neuropsychologists?
Roles and Duties
Where Do Clinical Neuropsychologists Work?
The Future of Clinical Neuropsychology
Brain Imaging and Neurotransmission
Psychopharmacology
Conclusions
Discussion Questions
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Chapter 2: Understanding the Development of the Central Nervous System and Its Relationship to Clinical Practice
Overview
Basic Brain Anatomy
The Cortex
The Developing Brain
Development of Higher-Order Cognitive Abilities
Challenges to Brain Development
The Importance of Understanding Neurodevelopment for the Clinician
Biological and Environmental Factors
Conclusions
Discussion Questions
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Chapter 3: Why Should We Care About Functional Neuroanatomy?
Overview
Functional Neuroanatomy and the Biological Basis of Behavior
History of Functional Neuroanatomy
Functional Neuroanatomy and Multicultural Issues
Why Functional Neuroanatomy Is Critical to Professional Psychological Practice
Functional Neuroanatomy and Its Relationship to the Future
Conclusions
Discussion Questions
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Chapter 4: Understanding Typical and Atypical Neurodevelopment in Children and Adults
Overview
Typical Neurodevelopment in Children and Adults
Prenatal to Early Childhood
Childhood
Adolescence to Young Adult
Adulthood and Aging
Neurodevelopmental Manifestation in Neuropsychological Function
Abnormal Neurodevelopment and Function
Neurodevelopmental Models and Atypical Development
Neurodevelopment and Multicultural Issues
Why Understanding Neurodevelopment in Children and Adults Is Critical to Professional Psychological Practice
Future Directions in Understanding Neurodevelopment in Children and Adults
Conclusions
Discussion Questions
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Chapter 5: Advances in Neuroimaging
Overview
History of Neuroimaging and Neurodiagnostic Procedures
Neuroimaging and Neurodiagnostic Procedures and the Biological Basis of Behavior
Computed Tomography (CT)
CT Interpretation
Utility of CT
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Interpreting MRI Scans
Utility of MRI
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)
Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA)
Functional Imaging Techniques
Electromagnetic Techniques
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
Hemodynamic Techniques
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)
Conclusions
Discussion Questions
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Part II: Using Research to Guide Neuropsychologically-Based Practice
Chapter 6: Designing Single Subject Research-Based Interventions for Clinical Neuropsychology Practice
Designing Single Subject Research-Based Interventions for Clinical Neuropsychology Practice
History of Designing Single Subject-Based Interventions
Experimental Psychology
Clinical Psychology
The Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Applied Behavior of Analysis
Single Subject Design Types and Utilization Recommendations
Evidence-Based Interventions
Increased Evaluation and Accountability in Single Subject Designs
A Case Illustrating Single Subject Design Types
ABAB Designs and Illustration
Understanding Multiple-Baseline Designs with a Case Illustration
Changing-Criterion Designs with a Case Illustration
Multiple-Treatment Designs with a Case Illustration
Quasi-single-Case Experimental Designs with a Case Illustration
Other Design Options
Why Do Multicultural Issues Need to Be Considered When Designing Single Subject-Based Interventions
Understanding Why
Understanding How
Why Designing Single Subject-Based Interventions Is Critical to Professional Psychological Practice
Recommendations for the Future
Conclusions
Discussion Questions
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Chapter 7: Qualitative Research-Based Interventions for Clinical Neuropsychology Practice
Introduction
Rationale for Qualitative Research Methods in Clinical Neuropsychology
Qualitative Research Methods and the Biological Basis of Behavior
Qualitative Research Designs in Clinical Neuropsychology
Using Qualitative Assessments as a Basis for Interventions in Clinical Neuropsychology
Using the Collage Life Story Elicitation Technique (CLET)
Qualitative Research-Based Interventions in Clinical Neuropsychology
Multicultural Considerations and Qualitative Research Methods
Implications for Professional Practice
Implications for the Future
Conclusions
Discussion Questions
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Chapter 8: Designing Quantitative Evidence-Based Interventions for Clinical Neuropsychology Practice
Introduction to Quantitative Evidence-Based Interventions
Boston Process Approach
Lurian Model
Quantitative Evidence-Based Interventions for Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Individuals with Traumatic Brain Injuries
Behavior Management
Cognitive Rehabilitation
Psychotherapy
Individuals Presenting with Strokes
Cognitive Rehabilitation
Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy
Psychotherapy
Quantitative Evidence-Based Interventions for Academic and Vocational Functioning
Learning and Memory Functioning
Dyslexia
Dyscalculia
Dysgraphia
Quantitative Evidence-Based Interventions for Neuropsychological Domains
Attention
Executive Functions
Processing Speed
Visual-Spatial Functioning
Multicultural Considerations in Quantitative Evidence-Based Interventions
Conclusions
Discussion Questions
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past:
Excelling in the Present:
Transforming the Future:
References
Part III: Linking Assessment to Intervention in Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychology
Chapter 9: Using a Standardized Neuropsychological Model to Guide a Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment for Evidence-Based Interventions
The Professional Practice of Clinical Neuropsychology
Neurology and Psychiatry
Instruments Used in Neuropsychological Practice
Specialized Techniques
Mental Status Exam
APGAR
Glasgow Coma Scale
Ranchos Los Amigos
Lateral Preference
How to Differentiate Neuropsychology from Neurology
The Neurological Examination
The Challenge of Diagnosis before Rehabilitation
History of Neuropsychological Assessment for Evidence-Based Intervention
Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches to Practice
The Need for Innovation in Clinical Neuropsychology
How Qualitative Data Should Link to the Biological Basis of Behavior
Behavioral Observations
Review of History/Clinical Interview
Neuropsychological Models of Assessment for Intervention
Luria and His Functional Integrative Systems
Hemispheric Processing or Cerebral Specialization
Understanding Multicultural Issues in a Neuropsychological Context
Understanding and Comparing Quantitative and Qualitative Interventions
Which Approach is Best?
Depth of Neuropsychological Examinations
Understanding a Qualitative Model to Guide Assessment for Interventions
Understanding a Quantitative Model to Guide Assessment for Interventions
Why Health Service Providers Need to Select an Assessment Model for Intervention
Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention for Intervention
Integrating Clinical Neuropsychological Batteries into Interventions
Evidence-Based Neuropsychological Interventions
Developing and Monitoring Client Goals
Conclusions
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Chapter 10: Integrating Clinical Assessments to Develop Health Service Neuropsychological Interventions
Overview
History of Integrated Assessments for Intervention in Clinical Neuropsychology
Integrated Assessments for Intervention in Clinical Neuropsychology and the Biological Basis of Behavior
Visual/Spatial Assessment for Intervention
Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test, Second Edition
The Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration, Sixth Edition
Structure
Motor-Free Visual Perception Test, Third Edition
Language/Auditory Assessment for Intervention
Structure
Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-5
Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-4
Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test-4 (level 2)
Learning/Memory Assessment for Intervention
California Verbal Learning Test-Children’s Version
Test of Memory and Learning, Second Edition
Motor/Perceptual/Sensory Assessment for Intervention
Dean-Woodcock Neuropsychological Battery
Attention/Executive Functions Assessment for Intervention
Test of Everyday Attention for Children, Second Edition
Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System
Academic Achievement Assessment for Intervention
Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement, Third Edition
Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, Third Edition
Woodcock-Johnson IV Tests of Achievement, Fourth Edition
Cognitive/Intellectual Assessment for Intervention
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fifth Edition
Woodcock Johnson IV Tests of Cognitive Abilities (Level 2)
Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition
Social/Emotional/Behavioral Assessment for Intervention
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2
The Behavior Assessment System for Children – Third Edition
Thematic Apperception Test
Kinetic Family Drawing
Autism Spectrum Rating Scale
Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition
Sociometric Techniques
Comprehensive Measures of Neuropsychological Functioning
NEPSY, Second Edition
The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery
Introduction
The Category Test
The Finger Tapping Test
The Grip Strength Test
The Reitan-Indiana Aphasia Screening Test
The Sensory-Perceptual Examination
The Tactual Performance Test
Review of Subtests Only on the HRNB and the HRNB-C
The Tactile Form Recognition Test
The Rhythm Test
The Speech Sounds Perception Test
The Trail Making Test
Subtests Only on the RITB-C
Interpretation and Intervention with the HRNB
Multicultural Issues in Clinical Neuropsychology
Race/Ethnicity
Gender and Sexuality
Language
Religion
Socioeconomic Status
Multicultural Issues Summary
Conclusions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Part IV: Interventions Driven by Behavioral Neuroscience
Chapter 11: Neuropsychologically Driven Evidence-Based Interventions in Clinical Psychology
Introduction to Clinical Neuropsychological Services
History and Foundations of Neuropsychologically Driven Evidence-Based Interventions in Clinical Psychology
History of Clinical Psychology
History of Clinical Neuropsychology
Estimating Premorbid Functioning
Effort and Validity Testing
Brain-Based Understanding of Pathology and Neurodevelopment
Understanding People with ADHD Through a Neuropsychological Lens
Clinical Psychology and the Biological Basis of Behavior
Evidence-Based Practice
Evidence-Based Practice in Neuropsychology
Evidence-Based Practices with Interventions in Neuropsychology
Differential Diagnosis and Clinical Neuropsychology Interventions
Neuropsychological Interventions with Children
Multistage N europsychol ogical Assessment-Intervention Model
Clinical Psychology and Multicultural Issues
Multicultural Issues in Assessment
Why Neuropsychological Interventions are Critical in Clinical Practice
Communicating Assessment Results to Other Professionals
An Integrated Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment
Evidence-Based Interventions in Clinical Neuropsychology and its Relationship to the Future
Conclusions
Discussion Questions:
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Chapter 12: Neuropsychologically Driven Evidence-Based Interventions in Counseling Psychology
History of Neuropsychologically Driven Interventions in Counseling Psychology
Multicultural Considerations for Neuropsychologically Driven Counseling Interventions
Application of Research on the Biological Basis of Behavior to Counseling Psychology
Why Neuropsychologically Driven Evidence-Based Interventions Are Critical to Professional Practice for Counseling Psychologists
Future Directions for Neuropsychologically Driven Interventions in Counseling Psychology
Conclusions
Discussion Questions
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Chapter 13: Neuropsychologically Driven Evidence-Based Interventions in School Psychology
Neuropsychology in the School
Neuropsychological Approaches to Evidence-Based Assessment and Intervention
Neuropsychological Interpretive Schemas and Case Conceptualization
Neurocognitive Pattern Analysis
Cognitive Attribute Matrix: Decomposition of Neurocognitive Test Response Processes
The Utility of Theoretical Neurocognitive Models
Data Organization for Identifying Common Neurocognitive Deficits in Multidimensional Cognitive Tests: Matrix, Model, & Match
Applications in Applied Practice
Conclusions
Discussion Questions:
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Chapter 14: Proactive and Transformational Directions: What We Need to Learn About Our Biological Basis of Behavior for Clinical Practice
Overview of the Importance of the Biological Basis of Behavior
History of Health Service Psychology
Clinical Training and the American Psychological Association
Neuropsychology at the Systems Level
Linking Neurodevelopment to Patient Functioning
Early Biological Evidence of Psychiatric Problems
Incorporating Psychiatric Functioning to Neuropsychological Assessment
The Critical Understanding of Biological Basis of Behavior
Societal Changes That Impact Quality Clinical Practices and the Future
Multicultural Factors in Clinical Neuropsychology
Use of Telehealth and Telepsychology Practices
Teletherapy in Training
Teletherapy in Practice
Conclusions
Discussion Questions:
EPPP Sample Questions
Proactive Readings
Transcending the Past
Excelling in the Present
Transforming the Future
References
Appendices
Appendix A: Sample Adult Neuropsychological Questionnaire
Appendix B: Sample Neuropsychological Evaluation, Age 9
Appendix C: Sample Neuropsychological Evaluation, Age 12
Appendix D: Sample Neuropsychological Evaluation, Age 22
Reason for Referral
Evaluation Procedures
Clinical Interview
Behavioral Observations
Evaluation Results and Interpretation
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Third Edition (WAIS-III)
WAIS-III Subtest
WAIS-III Composite Scores
The Woodcock-Johnson - III Tests of Achievement (WJ-III Achievement)
WJ-III Tests of Achievement Subtest
WJ-III Composite Scores
The Wechsler Memory Scale – Third Edition (WMS-III)
WMS-III Subtest
WMS-III Composite Scores
The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery
The Category Test
The Tactual Performance Test (TPT)
The Speech-Sounds Perception Test (SSPT)
The Seashore Rhythm Test (SRT)
The Aphasia Screening Test (AST)
Finger Oscillation Test (FOT)
The Trail Making Test A & Test B
Grip Strength Test (GST)
Bilateral Sensory Stimulation Tests
Impairment Index
General Neuropsychological Deficit Scale (NDS)
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory – 2 (MMPI-2)
The Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI)
The Beck Depression Inventory – 2 (BDI-II)
The Rorschach Test
Evaluation Summary
Diagnostic Impressions
Evaluation Recommendations
Appendix E: Sample Neuropsychological Evaluation, Age 28
Appendix F: Sample Neuropsychological Evaluation Age 38
REASON FOR REFERRAL
EVALUATION PROCEDURES
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
BEHAVIORAL OBSERVATIONS
EVALUATION RESULTS
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WAIS-III)
Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement-Revised (WJ-R)
The Nelson-Denny Reading Test
Wechsler Memory Scale-Third Edition (WMS-III)
The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery (HRNB)
The Category Test:
The Tactual Performance Test (TPT):
The Speech-Sounds Perception Test (SSPT):
The Seashore-Rhythm Test (SRT):
The Finger Oscillation Test or Tapping Test (FOT):
Aphasia Screening Test (AST):
The Sensory-Perceptual Examination (SPE):
The Trail Making A & B:
The Strength of Grip Test (SGT):
The Halstead-Reitan Impairment Index
The Halstead-Reitan General Neuropsychological Deficit Scale
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2)
The Rorschach Projective Test
EVALUATION SUMMARY
Index