Trust: A Philosophical Approach (Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics, 54)

✍ Scribed by Adriano Fabris (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2020
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 198
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book presents cutting-edge concepts on the question of trust. Written by leading experts, it investigates a paradoxical feature of contemporary society: while information and communication technologies, on the one hand, and scientific discourses, on the other, can promote more informed participation in public and democratic life, they have also led to a dramatic decline in our communicative and cooperative skills.

The book analyzes the notion of trust from an interdisciplinary perspective by combining the normative (continental) and empirical (Anglo-American) approaches and by considering the political, epistemological, and historical transformations in the interpersonal relationships sparked by new technologies. Using trust as a model, it then investigates and clarifies the new types of participation that are made possible by scientific and technological advances.

✦ Table of Contents

Organization
Steering Committee
General Chair
Co-Chair
Members
Program Committee
Invited External Reviewers
Preface
Contents
History of Philosophy
Aristotle on Scientific Principles (Posterior Analytics 1. 1‒2)
References
From Antiquity to the Middle Ages. Philosophy, Truth, and Demonstration
1 The Old Chestnut
2 The “Teaching Thesis” and Aristotelianism from the Imperial Age to Late Antiquity
3 A Late Antique Pattern for ‘Medieval’ Philosophy in Arabic and Latin
References
Philosophy and Scripture. Medieval Jewish Opinions on Creation and the Laws of Nature
1 The Problem
2 Isaac Abravanel: Is Creation a Dogmatic Tenet?
3 An Aristotelian Sublunar World
4 Creation: The Italian Trilogy
5 A Created, yet ‘Aristotelian’ World
References
Philosophy of Science
The Politics of Distrust
1 Introduction
2 A Model of Trust in Science
3 Trust and Distrust
4 Politics, Ethics, Vaccines
5 Conclusion
References
Information, Science and Democracy, for an Ethics of Scientific Knowledge
1 The Sciences of Information
2 Mysticism and Scientism
3 Strong Consequences from Vague Hypotheses
4 Randomness and Bio-Resonance
5 Information Everywhere, an Abuse
6 Optimal Governance Versus Government
7 Following the Mechanical Rule Versus The Imagination of Configurations of Sense
8 Spurious Correlations and Non-Sense in Big Data. Taking a Step Aside
References
Epistemic Inequality and the Grounds of Trust in Scientific Experts
1 Introduction
2 Epistemic Trust and Epistemic Inequality
3 Layperson-Expert Trust as a Multi-Layered Phenomenon
4 Citizens and Experts at Play
5 Conclusion
References
On Trust in Mathematics: Some Case Studies
1 Introduction
2 Philosophical Issues
2.1 Changes in the Concept of Proof
2.2 The Role of Referees
2.3 Trust
3 Material for Five Case Studies
3.1 The Hales Case
3.2 The Knight Case
3.3 The Holmes Case
3.4 The Mochizuki Case
3.5 The Voevodsky Case
4 Some Further Philosophical Remarks
4.1 Reliability
4.2 A Possible Philosophical Lesson
5 Concluding Remarks
References
Ontology, Ethics, Communication
On the Ontological Status of Trust: Robert Spaemann’s Philosophy of the Person as a Promise
1 Trust Between Subjectivity and Objectivity
2 The Person as Promise
3 To Thine Own Self be True
Can We Trust Machines? The Role of Trust in Technological Environments
1 The Word “Trust”
2 Trusting Robots
3 The Missing Quotation Marks and the Implication of Trust and Fear
4 Another Dimension in the Bond of Trust Between Humans and Machines
5 Machine Ethics
6 The Ethic Guidelines for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence
7 Trust as the Quality of a Relationship
References
Community and Trust in the Network Society. The Case of Virtual Communities
1 Introduction
2 Communities and Virtual Communities
3 Trust and Virtual Communities
4 Codes of Conduct, Between Netiquette and Deontology
5 Conclusion
References
Trust and Political Institutions
Trust and Political Ignorance
1 Introduction
2 Rational Ignorance and Rational Irrationality
3 Ignorance, Distrust, and Gullibility
4 When Should Voters Defer to Experts?
5 How Foot Voting Can Help Us Make Better Decisions About Who to Trust
6 Conclusion
Trust and Fiduciary Power
1 Introduction
2 Fiduciary Power: Between Legal Metaphor and Political Obligation
3 Beyond Metaphor: Fiduciary Political Theory
4 Fiduciary Relations and the Presumption of Trust
5 Issues and Further Applications of the Fiduciary Principle
6 Concluding Remarks
References
Populism as the Crisis of Political Trust
1 Introduction
2 Populism, Trust, Democracy
3 Populism, Trust, Representation
4 Populism, Trust, Authority
5 Conclusion
References
Author Index