Scanning Probe Microscopy and Spectroscopy: Methods and Applications

✍ Scribed by Roland Wiesendanger

Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Year: 1994
Tongue: English
Leaves: 660
Category: Library

No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.

✦ Synopsis

The investigation and manipulation of matter on the atomic scale have been revolutionized by scanning tunneling microscopy and related scanning probe techniques. This book is the first to provide a clear and comprehensive introduction to this subject. Beginning with the theoretical background of scanning tunneling microscopy, the design and instrumentation of practical STM and associated systems are described in detail, including topographic imaging, local tunneling barrier height measurements, tunneling spectroscopy, and local potentiometry. A treatment of the experimental techniques used in scanning force microscopy and other scanning probe techniques rounds out this section. The second part discusses representative applications of these techniques in fields such as condensed matter physics, chemistry, materials science, biology, and nanotechnology, so this book will be extremely valuable to upper-division students and researchers in these areas.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover......Page 1
Frontmatter......Page 2
Contents......Page 10
Preface......Page 16
List of acronyms......Page 20
Introduction......Page 24
Part one - Experimental methods and theoretical background of scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy......Page 32
1.1 Historical remarks on electron tunneling......Page 34
1.2 Theoretical treatment of one-dimensional electron tunneling......Page 35
1.3 Elastic tunneling experiments with planar metal--insulator--metal junctions......Page 58
1.4 Inelastic electron tunneling in planar metal--insulator--metal junctions......Page 78
1.5 Semiconductor (p--n) junctions: Esaki tunnel diodes......Page 86
1.6 Metal--semiconductor junctions: Schottky barrier tunneling......Page 89
1.7 Point contact spectroscopy (PCS)......Page 91
1.8 Vacuum tunneling before the invention of the STM......Page 96
1.9 The birth of STM......Page 104
1.10 STM design and instrumentation......Page 106
1.11 Topographic imaging by STM......Page 132
1.12 Local tunneling barrier height......Page 154
1.13 Tunneling spectroscopy (TS)......Page 165
1.14 Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SPSTM)......Page 180
1.15 Inelastic electron tunneling (IET) in STM......Page 187
1.16 Tunneling-induced luminescence microscopy and spectroscopy......Page 194
1.17 STM with laser excitation......Page 195
1.18 Scanning tunneling potentiometry (STP)......Page 202
1.19 Ballistic electron emission microscopy (BEEM) and spectroscopy (BEES)......Page 206
1.20 Scanning field emission microscopy (SFEM) and spectroscopy (SFES)......Page 213
1.21 Transition to point contact......Page 221
1.22 Forces in STM......Page 227
2.1 Historical remarks on surface force measurements and surface profilometry......Page 233
2.2 The birth of SFM......Page 237
2.3 SFM design and instrumentation......Page 239
2.4 Topographic imaging by SFM in the contance made......Page 249
2.5 Frictional force microscopy (FFM)......Page 254
2.6 Force spectroscopy (FS)......Page 258
2.7 Non-contact force microscopy......Page 264
3 - Related scanning probe methods......Page 288
3.1 Scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM)......Page 290
3.2 Scanning near-field acoustic microscopy (SNAM)......Page 296
3.3 Scanning near-field thermal microscopy (SNTM)......Page 298
3.4 Scanning capacitance microscopy (SCAM)......Page 302
3.5 Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM)......Page 306
3.6 Scanning micropipette microscopy (SMM)......Page 307
Part two - Applications of scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy......Page 312
4 - Condensed matter physics......Page 314
4.1 Surface science......Page 315
4.2 Magnetism......Page 445
4.3 Superconductivity......Page 454
4.4 Charge density waves (CDW)......Page 475
5.1 Surface reactions......Page 491
5.2 Electrochemistry......Page 504
6 - Organic material......Page 516
6.1 Thin molecular layers......Page 518
6.2 Molecular crystals......Page 544
6.3 Biomacromolecules......Page 548
7.1 Nanometrology......Page 560
7.2 Quantum standards......Page 562
8 - Nanotechnology......Page 565
8.1 Fabrication of nanometer-scale structures......Page 566
8.2 Nanometer-scale electronic devices......Page 594
8.3 Scanning probe methods combined with microfabrication......Page 597
8.4 Conclusion......Page 603
References......Page 604
Index......Page 648

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