The compound semiconductor Cu(Ga,Zn)Sez (CZGS) and related compounds have demonstrated their irigh potential for high-eficiency thin-firm solar cells up to levels approaching 18%.
The Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research (ZSW) and the University of Stuttgart (ZPE) are working together on CIS upscaling. On the module basis, ZS W is collaborating with Phototronics Solartechnik GmbHIPutzbrunn as a manufacturer for a-Si modules supporting module technology.
With the aim of developing high-volume fabrication technologies, all the laboratory deposition techniques suitable for highest device performance are applied now also on the module level to avoid physical and chemical eflects that could limit device performance to a low level. All firm deposition techniques are developed for high-vacuum in-line fabrication on a large area, except for the bufler layer of CdS, and monolithic integration is realized by patterning steps. A key issue for the development of modules is upscaling of the CZGS absorber deposition. Films of CZGS are prepared by simultaneous thermal evaporation of the elements. Modules are prepared on substrate areas of 7x 7, I0 x 10. -. 30 x 30 c d . Actual results of modules of these sizes are shown.