✍ Scribed by Blähser, Sabine
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
The results obtained by topographical studies on the immunoreactive peptide systems in the embryonic and adult avian brain (domestic fowl, domestic mallard, pigeon, Japanese quail, and zebra finch) can be realized only by means of phylogenetical comparisons. The comparative studies mainly demonstrate a fascinating constancy of the immunological properties and the spatial distribution of the neuropeptides. Independent of the development of the neopallium, and the increasing cerebral complexity, the spatial distribution of the neuropeptides, the location of their main perikaryal accumulations which are interconnected by immunoreactive fiber projections (and thereby forming widespread but continuous peptide systems) remain nearly unchanged during vertebrate evolution. The recognition of the neuropeptides as integral parts of the central nervous system is demonstrated by the fact that neuropeptidergic structures connect sensory inputs with central nervous areas as well as with the peripheral endocrinium.
📜 SIMILAR VOLUMES
## Abstract Neuropeptides are supposed to be implicated in the regulation of hormone as well as nonhormone dependent behavioral processes in birds. Previous immunohistochemical studies have suggested that in birds opioid pentapeptides, Met‐ and Leu‐enkephalins, may be present in the brain including
## Abstract The surgical steps used to expose the ventral surface of the chicken's rhombencephalon are detailed. Both acute and chronic experimental preparations can be obtained with this technique. Text material and illustrations provide information on the morphological relationships of the brain
## Abstract This review deals particularly with the recent literature on the structural and functional aspects of the retino‐brain‐pituitary system that controls the physiological process of background adaptation in the aquatic toad __Xenopus laevis__. Taking together the large amount of multidisci