## Abstract Pipe smoking has been related to the risk of cancers of the upper digestive and respiratory tract, but quantification of the risk for exclusive pipe smokers is still limited. To analyse the association between exclusive pipe smoking and cancers of the upper digestive tract, we used data
Metastases to parotid gland from cancers of the upper airway and digestive tract
โ Scribed by Paolo Pisani; Ruggero Guglielmetti; Francesco Pia; R. Guglielmetti; Marco Krengli; Antonio Ramponi
- Book ID
- 117436434
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1998
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 338 KB
- Volume
- 36
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0266-4356
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In our integrated series of case-control studies conducted in Italy and Switzerland (324 oral, 397 pharyngeal, 271 oesophageal, 506 laryngeal cancers and 3,263 controls), individuals who also drank alcoholic beverages outside meals showed an increased risk compared to those who drank at meals only.
## Background: Distant metastases (dm) have become an increasingly common cause of death in cancer patients because of the increasing therapeutic control of locoregional disease. however, little data exist regarding the role of clinical factors in predicting the likelihood of dm in patients with ca