𝔖 Bobbio Scriptorium
✦   LIBER   ✦

Electrolysis of acidic NaCl solution with a graphite anode—I. The graphite electrode

✍ Scribed by L.J.J. Janssen; J.G. Hoogland


Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
1969
Tongue
English
Weight
744 KB
Volume
14
Category
Article
ISSN
0013-4686

No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.

✦ Synopsis


A graphite anode evolving chlorine from a chloride solution is slowly oxidized to CO and CO,. This oxidation causes a change in the characteristics of the electrode-an ageing, comprising a change of the nature of the graphite surface and an increase of the surface area.

It appears that a new graphite electrode is covered with a stable oxide that protectsit against attack. During continued anodic polarization this stable oxide disappears at a potential of 1.72 V, probably with formation of CO and/or COa. The roughness of the surface then increases, attaining a maximum value of about 17 times that of a new graphite electrode, which has a roughness factor of 30.

The electrochemically active surface areas of a new and of a 2000-h aged graphite electrode are 2 and 33 times the geometrical surface area respectively.

R&sumC-Un anode de graphite Bvoluant du chlore d'une solution de chloride est converti lentement en CO et CO,. L'oxydation produit un changement des caracteristiques de l'electrode qu'on appelle vieillissement. Le vieillissement consiste en un changement de caractke de la surface du graphite et en un accroissement de la superticie.

Le phenomene s'explique de l'observation qu'un anode neuf de graphite est couvert d'un oxyde stable, protkgeant l'electrode contre une attaque chimique. Sous l'influence d'une polarisation anodique prolong&s cet oxyde stable disparalt a un potentiel de 1.72 V, probablement sous la formation de CO et/au de CO*. La rugositt de la surface s'accroft jusqu'a une valeur maxima d'environ 17 fois la valeur pour un electrode neuf dont la rugosite est de 30 fois la surface geometrique. La surface Clectro-chimiquement active d'un electrode de graphite, neuf et vieilli pendant 2000 h, est de 2 et de 33 fois respectivement la surface geometrique.

Zusammenfass~--Eine

Graphit-Anode an der Chlor entwickelt weird in einer Chloridlosung wird langsam oxidiert zu CO und CO,. Diese Oxidation verursacht eine Anderung der charakteristischen Eigenschaften der Elektrode die man als Alteruna bezeichnet. Die Alterunp: &ndert nicht nur die Art de; Elektrodenoberflache sondem verursacht auc'h eine Vergrosserung der&ben. Diese Erscheinuneen werden erklar tmit der Anwesenheit einer stabilen Oxvde Schicht an der Oberflache einer neuen fiektrode welche vor Angriff schtitzt. W&rend fortgesdtzter anodischer Polarisation verschwindet das stabile Oxyd bei einem Potential von 1.72 V unter Bildung von CO und/oder COa. Die Rauhigkeit der Obertllche steigt dann an bis sie etwa den 17-fachen Wert der unbehandelten Elektrode erreicht deren Rauhigkeitsfaktor etwa 30 betragt. Die elektrochemisch wirksame Elektrodenoberflache einer neuen Graphitanode ist doppelt so gross wie ihre geometrische Oberfllche, die einer 2000 Stunden gealterten Anode 33 mal so gross.


📜 SIMILAR VOLUMES


Electrolysis of an acidic NaCl solution
✍ L.J.J. Janssen; J.G. Hoogland 📂 Article 📅 1970 🏛 Elsevier Science 🌐 English ⚖ 672 KB

During electrolysis of an acid chloride solution, atomic chlorine is taken up by a graphite anode. After switching off the current the evolution of molecular chlorine continues. This phenomenon we call residual gas evolution (r.g.e.) It is established that the molecular chlorine is formed according

Electrolysis of molten nitrates on graph
✍ A.J. Arvía; W.E. Triaca 📂 Article 📅 1966 🏛 Elsevier Science 🌐 English ⚖ 846 KB

The anodic reaction occurring during the electrolysis of molten nitrates on graphite electrodes at temperature8 from 230 to 320°C has been studied. The overall reaction is 2N01-+ C = CO, + 2NOz + 2e. Current/voltage curves in the range 04-200 mA/cms fit a Tafel line with a slope ZRT/F. The decay of

Influence of pH and sulphate content of
✍ B. Wallén; G. Wranglén 📂 Article 📅 1965 🏛 Elsevier Science 🌐 English ⚖ 442 KB

Graphite anode corrosion exhlblts a maximum at neutral pH values as the result of two opposmg factors This 1s explamed of the anodlc oxygen the amount of oxygen evolved per unit time and the actlvlty The presence of sulphate ion m the solution mcreases graphite anode corrosion strongly m concentrate

Electrolysis of a carbonate-borate solut
✍ P.M.v.d. Wiel; L.J.J. Janssen; J.G. Hoogland 📂 Article 📅 1971 🏛 Elsevier Science 🌐 English ⚖ 681 KB

During the electrochemical preparation of perborate in carbonate-borate solutions, peroxocarbonate (CIOBB-) is formed at the platinum anode; this CaOa%-hydrolyses to HIOs in the solution. The factors affecting the current efficiency Ra at [HIO,l = 0 were investigated. The R/ [l&O,] relation and the