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Effects of bile duct ligation on calcium excretion in the rat

✍ Scribed by Nimish Vakil; Anil Sharma; Yoram Yagil

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
1994
Tongue
English
Weight
662 KB
Volume
19
Category
Article
ISSN
0270-9139

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✦ Synopsis

In an earlier study we showed that bile duct-ligated rats were highly susceptible to gentamicin nephrotoxicity and that oral calcium administration had a pronounced protective effect. The mechanism by which this occurs is unclear. Because cations compete with gentamicin for tubule binding sites, it has been suggested that the increased susceptibility of the kidney to gentamicin after bile duct ligation might result from decreased cation excretion. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of bile duct ligation on calcium excretion in relation to overall renal function. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent bile duct ligation and division. Pair-fed sham-operated rats served as controls. Metabolic and clearance studies were carried out at 3,5,7,14 and 21 days after surgery. Urine output was higher in bile duct-ligated rats, and they excreted more calcium at 3,5,7 and 14 days, while excreting less sodium than controls. We conclude that after bile duct ligation, there is increased calcium excretion, which is independent of the abnormality in sodium excretion. Enhanced nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides in the bile duct-ligated rat model cannot be explained by decreased calcium excretion. (HEPA-TOLOGY 1994; 19:457-463.) In human beings and rats, extrahepatic cholestasis has been shown to render the kidney susceptible to a variety of nephrotoxic agents ( 1 ). We recently showed that bile duct-ligated (BDL) rats with extrahepatic cholestasis that were given gentamicin had a significantly higher mortality rate and a higher incidence of kidney failure than controls (2). We also showed that a high-calcium diet prevented the high mortality rate and the marked kidney failure observed in BDL rats. The mechanisms for the increased susceptibility of the kidney to gentamicin in the BDL rat and for the

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