Human sex determination is a fascinating topic, particularly at the level of molecular genetics, as it represents an excellent paradigm for mammalian organ development. Recent progress has seen the addition of several new pieces to this developmental jigsaw puzzle. In mammals, the Y chromosome is ma
Determination and stability of sex
β Scribed by Chris Ottolenghi; Manuela Uda; Laura Crisponi; Shakib Omari; Antonio Cao; Antonino Forabosco; David Schlessinger
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2006
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 240 KB
- Volume
- 29
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0265-9247
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β¦ Synopsis
Abstract
How is the embryonic bipotential gonad regulated to produce either an ovary or a testis? In males, transient early activation of the Y chromosome Sry gene makes both germ cells and soma male. However, in females, available evidence suggests that the process of ovary sex determination may take place independently in the germline and somatic lineages. In addition, in contrast to testis, in ovary somatic cells, femaleβtoβmale gonadal sex reversal can occur at times throughout ovary development and maturation. We suggest that a single gene pathway, likely hinging on the Foxl2 transcription factor, both initiates and maintains sex differentiation in somatic cells of the mammalian ovary. BioEssays 29: 15β25, 2007. Published 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Although SRY was first identified 10 years ago, we still know remarkably little about its mode of action or downstream target genes. Recently, potential protein partners have been identified and there has been considerable activity to understand the roles of WT1, SF-1, DAX-1 and SOX9 in gonadogenesi