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Chromatin organization and nuclear microenvironments in cancer cells

✍ Scribed by Shihua He; Katherine L. Dunn; Paula S. Espino; Bojan Drobic; Lin Li; Jenny Yu; Jian-Min Sun; Hou Yu Chen; Susan Pritchard; James R. Davie

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2007
Tongue
English
Weight
439 KB
Volume
104
Category
Article
ISSN
0730-2312

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Nuclear morphometric descriptors such as nuclear size, shape, DNA content and chromatin organization are used by pathologists as diagnostic markers for cancer. However, our knowledge of events resulting in changes in nuclear shape and chromatin organization in cancer cells is limited. Nuclear matrix proteins, which include lamins, transcription factors (Sp1) and histone modifying enzymes (histone deacetylases), and histone modifications (histone H3 phosphorylation) have roles in organizing chromatin in the interphase nucleus, regulating gene expression programs and determining nuclear shape. Histone H3 phosphorylation, a downstream target of the Ras‐mitogen activated protein kinase pathway, is involved in neoplastic transformation. This article will review genetic and epigenetic events that alter chromatin organization in cancer cells and the role of the nuclear matrix in determining nuclear morphology. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 2004–2015, 2008. Β© 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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