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Catalytic Activity of Sulfated Iron-Tin Mixed Oxide for Esterification of Free Fatty Acids in Crude Palm Oil: Effects of Iron Precursor, Calcination Temperature and Sulfate Concentration

✍ Scribed by Nuithitikul, Kamchai; Prasitturattanachai, Worawoot; Limtrakul, Jumras


Book ID
121710630
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
Year
2011
Tongue
English
Weight
454 KB
Volume
9
Category
Article
ISSN
2194-5748

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✍ Nuithitikul, Kamchai; Limtrakul, Jumras πŸ“‚ Article πŸ“… 2012 πŸ› Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG 🌐 English βš– 738 KB

For the first time, the catalytic activities of sulfated zirconia and sulfated tin oxide have been directly compared for esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) in crude palm oil to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Both sulfated zirconia and sulfated tin oxide catalysts were prepared by hyd