Abstract
Bone regeneration is required for fracture healing. Various procedures have been used to promote osteogenesis with bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). We assessed the effects of BMPโ2, BMPโ5, and BMPโ6 in isolated and combined use on the generation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts by comparing the osteoclastic potency of each on osteoclasts of primary murine bone marrow cells. Subsequently, cells were stained for tartrateโresistant acid phosphatase, and real time PCR analysis of receptor activator of NKฮบB ligand and osteoprotegerin was conducted. The same combination of BMPs was used to assess their potential to enhance osteoblasts, employing a mineralization assay and realโtime PCR analysis of collagen typeโ1, runx2, and osterix. While BMPโ2 alone and the combination of BMPโ2 and BMPโ5 significantly enhanced osteoclastogenesis, BMPโ2, BMPโ5, and BMPโ6 in combination did not have additional effects. However, the combined use of BMPโ2, BMPโ5, and BMPโ6 had an additive effect on matrix mineralization and osterix expression in osteoblasts. Our study shows that the combination of BMPโ2, BMPโ5, and BMPโ6 stimulates osteoblasts but not osteoclastogenesis. Thus, the synergistic use of various BMPs might improve effective bone regeneration in the clinical setting. ยฉ 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res