American Corrections (MindTap Course List)

✍ Scribed by Todd R. Clear, Michael D. Reisig, George F. Cole

• Publisher: Cengage Learning
• Year: 2021
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 658
• Edition: 13
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Learn more about the dynamics of today's correctional system in the U.S. with the fascinating, current content and balanced approach in Clear/Reisig/Cole's market-leading AMERICAN CORRECTIONS, 13E. Engaging discussions, actual cases with familiar names and first-hand insights from those in the system immediately grab your interest, while career overviews point to rewarding opportunities in the field. You examine the latest facts and figures as well as new developments and trends impacting correctional policy and practice in the U.S., such as COVID-19 and the rising use of methamphetamines and opioids. The authors provide an unbiased treatment of institutional and community sanctions as this well-rounded introduction examines the U.S. correctional system from the perspectives of both the corrections worker and the accused person. MindTap digital resources are also available with interactive learning tools, video cases and career scenarios that bring content to life.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
About the Authors
Brief Contents
Contents
Preface
Part 1: Correctional Context
Chapter 1: The Corrections System
The Purpose of Corrections
A Systems Framework for Studying Corrections
The Corrections System Today
Key Issues in Corrections
Summary
Chapter 2: The Early History of Correctional Thought and Practice
From the Middle Ages to the American Revolution
On the Eve of Reform
The Enlightenment and Correctional Reform
What Really Motivated Correctional Reform?
Summary
Chapter 3: The History of Corrections in America
The Colonial Period
The Arrival of the Penitentiary
The Development of Prisons in the South and the West
The Reformatory Movement
The Rise of the Progressives
The Rise of the Medical Model
From Medical Model to Community Model
The Crime Control Model: The Pendulum Swings Again
Where Are We Today?
Summary
Chapter 4: Contemporary Punishment
The Purpose of Corrections
Forms of the Criminal Sanction
The Sentencing Process
Unjust Punishment
Summary
Chapter 5: The Law of Corrections
The Foundations of Correctional Law
Correctional Law and the U.S. Supreme Court
Constitutional Rights of the Incarcerated
Alternatives to Litigation
Law and Community Corrections
Law and Correctional Personnel
Summary
Chapter 6: The Correctional Client
Selection for the Corrections System
Types of Clients
Classifying People in the Corrections System: Key Issues
Summary
Part 2: Correctional Practices
Chapter 7: Jails: Detention and Short-Term Incarceration
The Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
Pretrial Detention
The Bail Problem and Alternatives
People Sentenced to Jail
Issues in Jail Management
The Future of the Jail
Summary
Chapter 8: Probation
The History and Development of Probation
The Organization of Probation Today
The Dual Functions of Probation: Investigation and Supervision
The Effectiveness Of Supervision
Revocation and Termination of Probation
Probation in the Coming Decade
Summary
Chapter 9: Intermediate Sanctions and Community Corrections
Intermediate Sanctions in Corrections
The Case for Intermediate Sanctions
Continuum of Sanctions
Problems with Intermediate Sanctions
Varieties of Intermediate Sanctions
Making Intermediate Sanctions Work
Using Surveillance and Control in Community Corrections
The New Correctional Professional
Community Corrections Legislation
The Future of Intermediate Sanctions and Community Corrections
Summary
Chapter 10: Incarceration
Links to the Past
The Goals of Incarceration
Organization for Incarceration
The Design and Classification of Prisons
Who is in Prison?
Summary
Chapter 11: The Prison Experience
Prison Society
The Prison Economy
Violence in Prison
Summary
Chapter 12: The Incarceration of Women
Women: The Forgotten Offenders
Historical Perspective
Women in Prison
Issues in the Incarceration of Women
Release to the Community
Summary
Chapter 13: Institutional Management
Formal Organization
Governing Prisons
Correctional Officers: The Linchpin of Management
Summary
Chapter 14: Institutional Programs
Managing Time
Classification
Rehabilitative Programs
Prison Industry
Prison Maintenance Programs
Recreational Programs
Prison Programming Reconsidered
Summary
Chapter 15: Release from Incarceration
Release from One Part of the System to Another
Origins of Parole
Release Mechanisms
The Organization of Releasing Authorities
The Decision to Release
Release to the Community
Summary
Chapter 16: Making It: Supervision in the Community
Overview of the Postrelease Function
The Structure of Community Supervision
Residential Programs
The Experience of Postrelease Life
The Person on Parole as “Dangerous”
The Elements of Successful Reentry
Postrelease Supervision
Summary
Chapter 17: Corrections for Juveniles
The Problem of Youth Crime
The History of Juvenile Corrections
Why Treat Juveniles and Adults Differently?
The Problem of Serious Delinquency
Sanctioning Juveniles
The Special Problem of Gangs
The Future of Juvenile Justice
Summary
Part 3: Correctional Issues and Perspectives
Chapter 18: Incarceration Trends
Explaining Prison Population Trends
Dealing with Overcrowded Prisons
The Impact of Prison Crowding
Does Incarceration Pay?
Summary
Chapter 19: Race, Ethnicity, and Corrections
Race in the Correctional Context
The Concepts of Race and Ethnicity
Visions of Race and Punishment
Which Is It: Race or Racism?
The Significance of Race and Punishment
Summary
Chapter 20: The Death Penalty
The Debate over Capital Punishment
The Death Penalty in America
The Death Penalty and the Constitution
Individuals on Death Row
A Continuing Debate
Summary
Chapter 21: Immigration and Justice
Illegal Immigration
The Immigration Justice System
Issues in Immigration Justice
Summary
Chapter 22: Community Justice
The Need for a New Approach
Definition of Community Justice
How Community Justice Differs from Criminal Justice
Arguments for Community Justice
Problems of Community Justice
The Future of Community Justice
Summary
Chapter 23: American Corrections: Looking Forward
American Corrections Today
Five Correctional Dilemmas
Four Current Trends in the U.S. Corrections System
Three Challenges for the Future of Corrections
Changing Corrections: A Final View
Summary
Glossary
Index