At present the origins of both the Basque population and their language remain unanswered. This study offers data on STR variation on populations from the Basque Country as well as from the Iberian Peninsula, Europe and Mediterranean populations for the 9 STR loci in the AmpflSTR kit. 68 individuals from Biscay province were analyzed for these loci and their allele frequencies were computed through Arlequin ver.2000. In total, 31 populations have been analyzed through the use of Principal Component Analysis and Phylip programs. Multivariate and univariate analysis of the data per locus and as a whole has taken place through SPSS v 10.0. Principal Component Analysis yielded three factors that were able to explain 56.04% of the total variability. The three factors explained 21.97%, 19.22% and 14.85%, respectively. The first factor separates the Basque populations from the Middle Eastern populations as well as the Berbers. The second factor separates Northern African from European populations. The third factor separates Arabs and Jews from the remaining populations. Basques, above all the population from Guipuzcoa, show significant differences with the populations considered for certain alleles.