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XPS study of the halogenation of carbon black—Part 2. Chlorination

✍ Scribed by Eugène Papirer; Renaud Lacroix; Jean-Baptiste Donnet; Gérard Nansé; Philippe Fioux

Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
1995
Tongue
English
Weight
863 KB
Volume
33
Category
Article
ISSN
0008-6223

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✦ Synopsis

Three furnace carbon blacks, a thermal black, and an electrically conductive sample were submitted as received to chlorination, at 45O"C, with a mix of chlorine and carbon tetrachloride vapors. The treated samples were examined using chemical and spectroscopic (XPS) methods. The interpretation of the XPS spectra is facilitated by comparison with spectra of reference materials. XPS detects various types of carbon-chloride bonds formed essentially by addition or hydrogen substitution processes. The amount of fixed chlorine is dependent on the origin of the blacks, and there is no direct relationship between specific surface area and chlorine uptake. It is shown that chlorination is not limited to the external surface, nor is it to a sub-superficial layer. In fact, it proceeds inside the carbon black particles to a depth depending on their origin.

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