## Abstract Sodium germanate glasses containing copper oxide with the nominal composition (0.70โโโ__x__) GeO~2~๏ฃฟ0.30Na~2~O๏ฃฟ__x__CuO, (__x__ in the range 0โ0.15โmol%), were prepared and their structure as well as the valence state of the copper ions have been investigated by Xโray photoelectron spec
โฆ LIBER โฆ
X-ray photoelectron and auger spectroscopy study of copper-sodium-germanate glasses
โ Scribed by Z. Hussain; M.A. Salim; M.A. Khan; E.E. Khawaja
- Book ID
- 115986722
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1989
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 579 KB
- Volume
- 110
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0022-3093
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This paper describes the characterization by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of several Ge-doped silica glasses before and after reactive ion etching (ME) in sulphur hexafluoride (SF,). These glasses have been commonly used in the production of optical waveguides, with varying amounts of GeO,