Cover
Half Title
Endorsements
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of contents
Preface
1 From “Nothing Works” to “What Works”: The History and Social Context of Rehabilitation
Introduction
The Age of Enlightenment
The Penitentiary and Reform
The Progressive Era
The Crime Control Period
The “What Works” Agenda
The Current Landscape
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
2 Understanding Risk and Needs: The Importance of Assessment
Introduction
Major Risk Factors
Dynamic versus Static Factors
Evolution of Classification and Assessment
Development of Assessment Tools
Juvenile Risk/Need Assessment Tools
Reliability and Validity
Assessment and Classification in Practice
The Principles of Offender Classification
Risk Principle
Need Principle
Responsivity Principle
Professional Discretion
Limitations with Assessment
Case Planning
Identifying Targets for Change
Setting Goals and Objectives
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Notes
References
3 Barriers to Treatment: Understanding Specific Responsivity
Introduction
Why is it important?
Motivation to Change
Cognitive Ability
Mental Health
Personality
Trauma
Demographic and Cultural Characteristics
Other Barriers
Strategies for Dealing with Barriers
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Note
References
4 What Doesn’t Work: Ineffective Approaches and Correctional Quackery
Introduction
Intermediate Sanctions
Intensive Supervision
Day Reporting Centers
Home Detention and Electronic Monitoring
Shock Incarceration
Scared Straight Programs
Correctional Quackery
Ineffective Treatment Approaches
Substance Abuse Treatment
Targeting Noncriminogenic Needs
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Note
References
5 Putting Theory into Practice: Approaches that Work in Reducing Recidivism
Introduction
Understanding a Body of Knowledge
Reviewing the Research
Criminal Sanctions Versus Correctional Treatment
What Works: General Responsivity Principle
Theoretical Models
Core Correctional Practices
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions
Effectiveness of CBT in Corrections
Cognitive Behavioral Intervention in Practice: Family-Based Interventions
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Notes
References
6 Changing Behavior Long Term: Implementing Behavior Change Systems
Introduction
Effective Behavior Change
Components of Effective Behavior Change Systems
Reinforcers
Positive Reinforcement
Negative Reinforcement
Types of Reinforcers
Effective Social Reinforcement (Praise)
Guidelines for Selecting Reinforcers
Administering Reinforcers
Potential Barriers
Punishers/Consequences
Positive Punishment
Negative Punishment
Administering Punishments
Effective Verbal Disapproval
Potential Barriers and Limitations
Effective Use of Authority
Quality Interpersonal Relationships
Implementing Behavior Change Systems
Implementation Concerns
Translating Core Correctional Practices into Practice: The EPICS Model
EPICS-I
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
7 Delivering Substance Abuse Treatment
Introduction
Significance of the Problem
Modalities of Substance Abuse Treatment
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions
Relapse Prevention
Contingency Management
Motivational Interviewing
Medically Assisted Treatment
Assessment
Drug Courts
Drug Court Effectiveness
Drug Court Judge
Drug Court Team
Drug Court Phases and Length of Programming
Graduation
Capacity
Drug Court Eligibility and Participant Type
Juvenile Drug Courts
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
8 Delivering Effective Treatment for Sex Offending Behaviors
Introduction
Sex Offenders and Recidivism
Rationale for the Treatment of Sex Offenders
The RNR Model and Its Application to Sex Offenders
The Risk Principle and Sex Offenders
The Need Principle and Sex Offenders
The Responsivity Principle and Sex Offenders
Sex Offender Assessment
The Good Lives Model
Sex Offender Surveillance
Electronic Monitoring and GPS for Sex Offenders
Sex Offender Registration Notification
Program Integrity and Treatment Fidelity
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Note
References
9 Delivering Effective Programs for Women
Introduction
Women, Girls, and Crime
Extent of Services for Women and Girls
Development of Gender-Specific and Gender-Responsive Strategies
Theoretical Perspectives
Reconciling Gender-Responsive Approaches and RNR
What Works for Women?
Risk Assessment
Targeting Criminogenic Needs
Responsivity
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions
Therapeutic Alliance
Mental Health
Single-Sex Groups
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
10 Delivering Effective Programs in Institutional Settings
Introduction
The Impact of Incarceration
Reducing Prison Populations
Classification and Assessment
The Need for Treatment
Drug Treatment Programs
Sex Offender Programs
General Counseling Programs
Education and Vocational Programming
Treatment in Jails
Residential Treatment
Special Considerations
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
11 What Works in Reentry: Transitioning Back to the Community
Introduction
Punitiveness Revisited
Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative
The Core Risk and Need Factors
The Model: Increasing Effectiveness
Harnessing Support for Reform: Recent Policy Initiatives
The Transition from Prison to the Community and Transition from Jail to the Community Initiatives
Prisoner Reentry Initiative
Reentry Courts
Re-entry Policy Council
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
12 The Importance of Quality: How to Ensure Program Fidelity
Introduction
Implementing Evidence-Based Practices
Organizational Culture and Leadership
Staff Supervision, Training, and Coaching
Requirements for Coaching and Supervision
Processes for Coaching and Feedback
Importance of Monitoring Assessments
Conduct Regular Audits of Assessments
Program Performance Measures
Recidivism as an Outcome Measure
Intermediate Performance-Based Measures
The Upkeep of Change: Monitoring and Evaluating the Program
The Correctional Program Checklist
Advantages of the CPC
Results from CPC Assessments
Program Integrity and Recidivism
Reasons Why Program Quality is Important
1. Poor-quality programs undermine our confidence in treatment and can hurt high-quality programs
2. Using tools to assess program integrity and quality allows us to become more prescriptive and to provide feedback ...
3. Using program assessment tools based on empirical evidence allows researchers to get inside the “black box” of a ...
4. Using program assessment tools facilitates the improvement of programs and allows policymakers to better allocate ...
5. Program assessment can provide a means of determining “evaluability” of a correctional program
6. Program assessment can “quantify” program integrity
7. Program assessment identifies program areas for improvement and gauges progress
8. Program assessment helps increase public safety and support for treatment
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Notes
References
Index