Content: VEGETABLE OIL: PROPERTIES, USES AND BENEFITS
VEGETABLE OIL: PROPERTIES, USES AND BENEFITS
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
CONTENTS
PREFACE
Chapter 1: AN OVERVIEW ON VEGETABLE OILS AND BIOCATALYSIS
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM VEGETABLE OILS
3. STRUCTURED LIPIDS
3.1. General Features and Structure
3.2. Structured Lipids Production
3.3. Practical Applications of Structured Lipids
4. MINOR HYDROPHOBIC COMPOUNDS
4.1. Sterol
4.2. Tocopherol
4.3. Carotenoids
4.4. Phospholipids 5. METABOLIC ENGINEERING OF BIOSYNTHESIS PATHWAYSOF VEGETABLE OILSCONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Chapter 2: ASSESSING AUTHENTICITY OF VEGETABLE OILS
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. GENERAL ASPECTS REGARDING PHYSICAL METHODS OF OILS ANALYSIS
2.1. General Aspects and Interpretation of Vibrational Spectra (FT-IR, NIR, Raman) of Oils
a. FT-IR Spectra
b. FT-Raman Spectra
c. NIR Spectroscopy
2.2. General Aspects and Peak Assignment of 1H- and 13C-NMRSpectra of Oils
2.3. Determination of the Fatty Acids Profile of Vegetable Oils
a. From the Chromatographic Data
b. From the 1H-NMR Data 2.4. Statistical Data Analysis3. AUTHENTICATION OF VEGETABLE OILS
3.1. Authentication of the Plant Species
3.2. Authentication of the Plant Part
3.3. Authentication of the Geographical Origin
3.4. Authentication of the Harvest Year
3.5. Authentication of the Oil Processing Technique
3.6. Detection of Adulteration
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Chapter 3: BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM VEGETABLE OILS: A SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ALTERNATIVE
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BIODIESEL FEEDSTOCK
WASTE COOKING OIL (WCO) AS A FUEL SOURCE
TRANSESTERIFICATION THE IMPORTANCE OF A CATALYST IN THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESELHOMOGENOUS AND BASE CATALYST
BASE HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST
ACID CATALYST
OTHER ESSENTIAL PARAMETERS ON BIODIESEL PRODUCTION
ALCOHOL SELECTION AND OIL TO ALCOHOL MOLAR RATIO EFFECT
TEMPERATURE AND REACTION TIME
CONVENTIONAL HEATING TECHNOLOGIES FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION
NON-CONVENTIONAL HEATING TECHNOLOGIES FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION
MICROWAVE AND ULTRASOUND IRRADIATIONS FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION
MICROWAVE IRRADIATION
ULTRASOUND IRRADIATION
CONTINUOUS VS. PULSE SONICATION
BIODIESEL PROPERTIES
BIODIESEL PRODUCTION COSTS CONCLUSIONACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Chapter 4: VEGETABLE OIL AS A FEEDSTOCK FOR BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
FEEDSTOCK FOR BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS
Edible Oils
Soybean Oil
Rapeseed and Canola Oil
Sunflower Oil
Palm Oil
Other Edible Oils
Non-Edible Oils
Jatropha Curcas Oil
Karanja (Pongamia pinnata) Oil
Castor (Ricinus communis) Oil
Tobacco Seed (Nicotiana tabacum) Oil
Mahua (Madhuca indica) Oil
Neem (Azadirachta indica) Oil
Rubber Seed (Hevea brasiliensis) Oil
Sea Mango (Cerbera odollam) Oil
Waste Vegetable Oils