Understanding Clinical Research: An introduction [Team-IRA]

✍ Scribed by Kathryn Biddle, Anna Blundell, Nidhi Sofat

• Publisher: Scion Publishing Ltd.
• Year: 2023
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 202
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

It is important for healthcare professionals to understand the basics of clinical research. This book offers a thorough explanation of the principles of clinical research, alongside a wide range of worked examples which show how these principles are applied in practice. Understanding Clinical Research takes readers from how to develop research questions, through the design of research studies, to disseminating research findings. Ethical considerations, research integrity, patient involvement, and study funding are all covered, along with an introduction to the key statistical methods needed for data analysis. Ideal for any healthcare professional: interested in understanding more about the development of evidence-based practice wanting to undertake research but not sure where to start considering or just starting a PhD / MD, or a PGCert in Research Studies

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgements
About the authors
Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Getting started in clinical research
1.1. Introduction
1.2. What types of research are there?
1.3. How to get involved as a medical student
1.4. How to get involved as a trainee
1.5. Deciding which higher degree to undertake
1.6. Funding considerations
1.7. Case histories
1.8. Chapter summary
1.9. References and useful websites
Chapter 2 Designing and appraising clinical studies
2.1. Introduction
2.2. What kinds of study are there?
2.3. General considerations in clinical research
2.4. Expert opinion
2.5. Case reports and case series
2.6. A summary of observational studies
2.7. Cross-sectional studies
2.8. Case–control studies
2.9. Cohort studies
2.10. Randomised controlled trials
2.11. Systematic reviews
2.12. Summary of study types
2.13. Further reading and other resources
Chapter 3 Statistics
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Obtaining and describing data
3.3. Distribution, probability and confidence intervals
3.4. Statistical hypothesis testing and significance levels
3.5. Statistical significance tests to compare means
3.6. Statistical significance tests to compare percentages or proportions
3.7. Measures of risk
3.8. Correlation and regression
3.9. Determination of sample size
3.10. Analysis of survival data
3.11. Meta-analysis
3.12. Diagnostic tests
3.13. Chapter summary
3.14. Further reading
Chapter 4 Ethical considerations and governance
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Core ethical values of clinical research
4.3. Ethical guidelines
4.4. Ethical and governance processes involved in setting up a study
4.5. Governance and ethical considerations during the study
4.6. The use of placebo, blinding and randomisation to study arms
4.7. Safety reporting
4.8. Integrity throughout the study
4.9. Documentation, confidentiality and data protection
4.10. Sampling and ethical considerations
4.11. Amendments
4.12. Ethical considerations after the study
4.13. Chapter summary
4.14. Further reading
Chapter 5 Public and patient involvement
5.1. Introduction
5.2. How can the public and patients be involved in research?
5.3. How to carry out effective PPI
5.4. Assessing the impact of PPI
5.5. Chapter summary
5.6. References and useful resources
Chapter 6 Qualitative research
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Sampling
6.3. Data collection methods
6.4. Analysis
6.5. Conducting rigorous research
6.6. Chapter summary
6.7. References and useful resources
Chapter 7 Disseminating your research findings
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Poster presentations
7.3. Oral presentations
7.4. Publications
7.5. Evidence-based medicine and implementation science
7.6. Chapter summary
7.7. References and further reading
Glossary
Index
Back Cover