Theranostics Approaches to Gastric and Colon Cancer

✍ Scribed by Ganji Seeta Rama Raju, L.V.K.S. Bhaskar (eds.)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2020
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 261
• Category: Library

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
About the Series Editor
About the Editors
Chapter 1: Therapeutic Role of Phytochemicals in Colorectal Cancer
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Classification
1.2.1 Polyphenols
1.2.2 Phenolic Acids
1.2.3 Derivatives of Benzoic Acid
1.2.4 Derivatives of Cinnamic Acid
1.2.5 Flavonoids
1.2.6 Anthocyanins
1.2.7 Flavones and Flavanones
1.2.8 Flavanols
1.3 Isoflavones
1.3.1 Genistein
1.4 Stilbenes
1.5 Pterostilbene
1.5.1 Resveratrol
1.6 Curcuminoid
1.6.1 Curcumin
1.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2: Adiponectin Signaling in Colorectal Cancer
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Biology of Adiponectin and Its Receptors
2.3 Adeponectin Receptors
2.4 Obesity Adiponectin CRC
2.5 Evidence for the Association Between the Adiponectin and CRC
2.6 Adiponectin Mediated Signalling in CRC
2.7 Epidemiological Studies
2.8 In Vitro and In Vivo Experiments
2.9 Therapeutic Role of Adiponectin
2.10 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Colorectal Cancer
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Colorectal Cancer
3.2.1 Role of MMP1 in CRC
3.2.2 Role of MMP13 in CRC
3.2.3 Role of MMP2 in CRC
3.2.4 Role of MMP9 in CRC
3.2.5 Co-expression of MMP3 and MMP9 in CRC
3.2.6 Role of MMP7 in CRC
3.2.7 Role of MMP13 in CRC
3.2.8 Role of MT1-MMP in CRC
3.2.9 Role of MMP12 in CRC
3.3 Role of Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases in Colorectal Cancer
3.4 MMPs as Therapeutic Target
References
Chapter 4: The Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-Alpha in Colorectal Cancer
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Overview of Colorectal Cancer
4.1.2 Basic Pathophysiology of Colorectal Cancer
4.1.3 HIF-1-Alpha
4.2 Role of HIF-1-Alpha in Colorectal Cancer
4.3 Current Investigations
4.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: Mechanisms and Pathways of Metabolic Reprogramming of Colorectal Cancer
5.1 Highlights
5.2 Colorectal Cancer (CRC)
5.3 CRC and Genetic Instability
5.4 Metabolic Reprogramming in Cancer
5.5 Metabolic Remodeling and Wnt Signaling in Colon Cancer
5.6 Detection/Diagnosis
5.7 Lipid Metabolism
5.8 Tryptophan Metabolism
5.9 Glucose Metabolism
5.10 Exercise Metabolism
5.11 Therapies Based on Pathways
5.12 Metabolic Toxicity in Colon Cancer
5.13 Polyphenols in Colon Cancer
5.14 Gut Metabolism in Colon Cancer
5.15 Metabolic Targets of Colon Cancer
5.16 Future Direction
5.17 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6: Targeting Metabolic Reprogramming of Colorectal Cancer
6.1 Metabolic Reprogramming
6.2 Colorectal Cancer and Metabolic Changes Associated with Butyrate
6.3 MYC Induced Global Metabolic Reprogramming of Colorectal Cancer
6.4 Targeting Mitochondria and ROS in CRC
6.5 Resveratrol Targeting Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex and Reverses the Warburg Effect in Colon Cancer Cells
6.6 MicroRNA-26a Targeting PDHX in Colorectal Cancer Cells
6.7 Reprogramming of Glutamine Metabolism by Oncogenic PIK3CA Mutations in Colorectal Cancer
6.8 Targeting Lipid Metabolism as Therapeutic Strategy in Colorectal Cancer
6.9 Metabolism Based Therapeutic Strategies Targeting CRC Stem Cells
6.10 Targeting Autophagy in Colorectal Cancer
6.11 Conclusion
6.12 Future Direction
References
Chapter 7: Understanding Colorectal Cancer: The Basics
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 Epidemiology
7.2 Risk Factors of Colorectal Cancer
7.2.1 Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
7.2.2 Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)
7.2.3 Lynch Syndrome
7.2.4 Cholecystectomy
7.2.5 Ureterocolic Anastomosis
7.2.6 Diabetes Mellitus
7.2.7 Pelvic Radiotherapy
7.2.8 Alcohol Consumption
7.2.9 Smoking and Tobacco Consumption
7.2.10 Food Habits
7.2.11 Physical Activity and Obesity
7.2.12 Socioeconomic Status
7.3 Pathways Associated with Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer
7.4 Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer
7.5 Treatment Regimens and Associated Toxicities
7.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 8: Molecular Signaling Pathways Involved in Gastric Cancer Chemoresistance
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Oncogenes p53
8.3 Growth Factor Receptor and Signaling
8.4 PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway Activation
8.5 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway
8.6 NF-B Signaling Pathways
8.7 EMT
8.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9: Meta-Analysis Reveals no Significant Association of EPHX1 Tyr113His and His139Arg Polymorphisms with the Colorectal...
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Materials and Methods
9.2.1 Data Extraction
9.2.2 Statistical Analysis
9.3 Results
9.3.1 Characteristics of Studies
9.3.2 Meta-Analysis of EPHX1 Tyr113His Polymorphism with CRC Risk
9.3.3 Meta-Analysis Between EPHX1 His139Arg Polymorphism and CRC Risk
9.3.4 Heterogeneity and Sensitivity Analysis
9.3.5 Publication Bias
9.4 Discussion
9.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10: Meta-Analysis of Genetic Variants in Alcohol Metabolizing Enzymes and their Association with Colorectal Cancer Risk
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Materials and Methods
10.2.1 Search Strategy and Selection Criteria
10.2.2 Statistical Analysis
10.3 Results
10.3.1 Characteristics of Included Studies
10.3.2 Heterogeneity Analysis
10.3.3 Overall and Subgroup Analyses for ADH1B Arg47His Polymorphism
10.3.4 Overall and Subgroup Analyses for ALDH2 Glu487Lys Polymorphism
10.3.5 Sensitivity Analysis and Publication Bias
10.4 Discussion
References
Chapter 11: Gut Microbiota as Signatures in Non-communicable Diseases and Mucosal Immunity
11.1 Gut Microbiota and Human Body
11.2 Role of Gut Microbiota in NCDs
11.3 Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Disorder
11.3.1 Obesity
11.3.2 Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)
11.3.3 Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) Mellitus
11.3.4 Dyslipidemia
11.3.5 Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
11.4 Gut Microbiota in Immunological Disorder
11.4.1 Autoimmune Disorder (AD)
11.4.2 Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
11.4.3 Celiac Disease
11.4.4 Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
11.4.5 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
11.5 Role of Gut Microbiota on Neurological Disorders
11.5.1 Autism
11.5.2 Schizophrenia
11.5.3 Alzheimer´s Disease (AD)
11.5.4 Parkinson´s Disease (PD)
11.6 Gut Microbiota in Other Disorders
11.6.1 Cancers
11.6.2 Chronic Heart Diseases
11.6.3 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
11.7 Mucosal Immunity and Gut-Microbiota
11.8 Mucin-Desulfating Sulfatases and Gut Microbiota
11.9 Gut Microbiota and Therapies
11.9.1 Gut Microbiota as Present Drug Targets
11.9.2 Mucosa Associated Gut Bacteria as Future Drug Targets
11.9.3 Pre, Pro, Postbiotics and Feacal Microbiota Transplantation as Therapy
References
Chapter 12: Immunotherapy for Colon Cancer: Recent Perspectives
12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Adenocarcinoma
12.1.2 Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
12.1.3 Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors
12.1.4 Colorectal Lymphoma
12.1.5 Hereditary Colorectal Cancers
12.2 Symptoms
12.3 Diagnosis
12.3.1 Blood Tests and Imaging
12.3.2 Molecular Testing of the Tumor
12.4 Risk Factors
12.5 Prognosis
12.6 Immunotherapy
12.6.1 Clinical Trials
12.6.2 Total Studies
12.6.3 Clinical Trials Registered in the United States
12.6.4 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
12.6.5 Clinical Trials Using PD-1 Inhibitors
12.6.6 Total Studies
12.6.7 Clinical Trials Registered in the United States
12.6.8 Cancer Vaccines
12.7 Vaccine Immunotherapy for CRC Patients
12.7.1 Autologous Vaccines
12.7.2 Total Studies
12.7.3 Clinical Trials Registered in the United States
12.7.4 Adoptive Immunotherapy
12.7.5 Non-specific Immunotherapies
12.7.6 Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs)
12.8 Recent Developments and Future Perspectives
12.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 13: Nanotechnology Applications in Gastric Cancer
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Nanoparticles in Biomedical Imaging for GC Diagnosis and Therapy
13.3 Inorganic Nanoparticles
13.3.1 Gold Nanoparticles
13.3.2 Quantum Dots
13.3.3 Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
13.4 Organic Nanoparticles
13.4.1 Dendrimers
13.4.2 Liposomes
13.4.3 Micelles
13.5 Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery
13.6 The Preclinical and Clinical Trials of Nanoparticles
13.7 Conclusion and Future Perspective
References