The Situation × Trait Adaptive Response (STAR) Model of Drug Use, Effects, and Craving

✍ Scribed by DAVID G. GILBERT

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1997
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 192 KB
• Volume: 12
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0885-6222
• DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1077(199706)12:2+<s89::aid-hup906>3.0.co;2-p

✦ Synopsis

This review examines situational and trait factors that in¯uence drug use, craving, and the aect-modulating eects of drugs. Situation-and personality-dependent cognitive, emotional, and biological eects of psychoactive drugs are addressed within the context of the recently developed Situation by Trait Adaptive Response (STAR) model. It is argued that drugs do not have inherent (situation-and trait-independent) eects on emotion and related aective processes. Emotion modulation is accomplished by three overall mechanisms: (1) enhanced goal achievement via cognitive performance enhancement; (2) alteration of cognitive capacity and/or attentional processes; and

(3) cognitive-aective information priming/biasing towards positive associations and away from negative schemas. Further, the lateralized neural network hypothesis of the STAR model is extended from previous formulations to provide an integrative framework for understanding relationships of cognitive, aective, and learning mechanisms underlying drug use urges and behaviour.