The Self and its Disorders

✍ Scribed by Prof Shaun Gallagher

• Publisher: OUP Oxford
• Year: 2024
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 356
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Shaun Gallagher offers an account of psychopathologies as disorders of the self. The Self and its Disorders develops an interdisciplinary approach to an 'integrative' perspective in psychiatry. In contrast to some integrative approaches that focus on narrow brain-based conceptions, or on symptomology, this book takes its bearings from embodied and enactive conceptions of human experience. Gallagher offers an understanding of the self as a pattern of processes that include bodily, experiential, affective, cognitive, intersubjective, narrative, ecological and normative factors. He provides a philosophical analysis of the notion of self-pattern; then, drawing on phenomenological, developmental, clinical and experimental evidence, he proposes a method to study the effects of psychopathologies on the self-pattern. The book includes specific discussions of schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, depression, borderline personality disorder, and autism, among other disorders, as well as the effects of torture and solitary confinement. It also explores a variety of issues that relate to therapeutic approaches, including deep brain stimulation, meditation-based interventions, and the use of artificial intelligence and virtual reality.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
The Self and its Disorders
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Acknowledgments
List of Figures
List of Tables
Introduction
1: A Pattern Theory of Self
1.1 Pattern Theories
1.2 Self-patterns
1.3 Philosophical Problems
1.4 Some Benefits of a Pattern Theory of Self
2: The Nature of Patterns
2.1 Dennett and Real Patterns
2.2 Haugeland and the Elements
2.3 Kelso and Dynamic Patterns
2.4 From Mechanism to Dynamical Gestalt
2.5 Enactive Constitution
2.6 What’s in a Self-pattern?
2.7 A Note on Network Theory
3: A Threefold Method for Studying Self-pattern Dynamics
3.1 Mapping the Self-patternin a Meshed Architecture
3.1.1 Intrinsic Control in Bodily Processes
3.1.2 Affectivity
3.1.3 The Horizontal Axis
3.1.4 The Self-patternas a Meshed Architecture
3.2 Imprecise Interventions
3.3 Coordination Dynamics
3.4 Autism as a Test Case
3.4.1 ToM and Social Cognition
3.4.2 ASD and Affectivity
3.4.3 Motor Control
3.4.4 Vertical and Horizontal Meshing
3.5 Experimental and Therapeutic Interventions
3.6 The Dynamics of ASD
4: Dynamical Relations in the Self-pattern and Psychopathology
4.1 Neural Patterns and the Self
4.2 The Problem of Dynamical Relations
4.3 What’s the Story with Narrative?
4.4 Psychopathology
4.5 Predictive Processing and Self-patterns
4.6 Conclusion
5: Disorder, Dissociation, and Disruption in Self-narrative
5.1 Varieties of Identity
5.2 How Narrative Connects
5.3 Narrative Identity: Fiction or Reality
5.4 Dissociation and Narrative Distance
5.5 Narratives and Psychopathological Disorders
5.6 Self-narrativein Schizophrenia
5.6.1 Temporal Integration
5.6.2 First-personSelf-reference
5.6.3 Episodic-autobiographicalMemory
5.6.4 Reflective Metacognition
5.7 Narrative as a Forensic Tool: The Case of Borderline Personality Disorder
6: Phenomenological Anchors: Mapping Experiences of Agency and Ownership
6.1 Complexities in the Phenomenology of Bodily Movement
6.2 Deflating the Senses of Ownership and Agency
6.3 Reflective Judgments and Narratives about Agency
6.4 Intersubjective and Social Constraints
6.5 Disordered Experiences of Agency and Ownership in the Self-pattern
6.5.1 Schizophrenia
6.5.2 Experiences of Agency and Ownership in Other Disorders
6.5.3 Agoraphobic Anxiety
7: Autonomy in the Self-pattern: Implications for Deep Brain Stimulation and Affordance-basedTherapies
7.1 DBS: An Altered Sense of Self and Personal Identity
7.2 Deflationary versus Plural Models of the Self
7.3 Relational Autonomy
7.4 The Self-patternin the Post-DBS Ecology of Affordances
7.5 The Therapeutic Reconstruction of Affordances
8: Artificial Transformations of the Self-pattern
8.1 Living the Enhanced Life
8.2 Uploading the Whole Pattern
8.3 Real AI and AI-guidedPsychotherapy
8.4 Therapeutic Uses of Virtual Reality
9: Mindfulness in the Self-pattern
9.1 Buddhist Psychology and the Self-pattern
9.2 Flexibility in the Self-pattern:Meditation-based Interventions and Therapy
9.3 Adverse Effects of Mindfulness
9.4 Deconstructing the Self and No-self
10: The Cruel and Unusual Phenomenologies of Torture and Solitary Confinement
10.1 Violence and Bodily Existence
10.2 The Phenomenology of Intersubjectivity
10.3 Taking a Developmental Perspective
10.4 Solitary Confinement
10.5 Cruel and Unusual
References
Index