The ever-stimulating association of smoking and coffee and Parkinson's disease
β Scribed by Karen Marder; Giancarlo Logroscino
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2002
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 40 KB
- Volume
- 52
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0364-5134
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
π SIMILAR VOLUMES
## Abstract We conducted a systematic review to summarize the epidemiological evidence on the association between cigarette smoking, coffee drinking, and the risk of Parkinson's disease. Caseβcontrol and cohort studies that reported the relative risk of physicianβconfirmed Parkinson's disease by ci
## Abstract Cigarette smoking and caffeine consumption are associated with a decreased incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD). This inverse association may result from neuroprotective effects of cigarette smoke and caffeine, or from a disinclination of future PD patients to engage in habituating beh