charge-regulation phenomenon. Ninham and Parsegian
The electrostatic interaction force between a charge-regulated ( 2 ) initiated the analysis by proposing a model in which particle covered by an ion-penetrable charged membrane and a the surface of an entity contains single ionizable funcrigid charged surface immersed in a mixed ( a:b) / (c:b) electrotional groups to simulate the charge-regulation behavior lyte solution is analyzed. The membrane contains both acidic and of a biological cell. The degree of dissociation of these basic functional groups, and a general form for each is assumed functional groups varies with the electrical condition of which allows multiple proton transfer among functional groups.
the surrounding medium. The charge-regulation behavior
The rigid surface is negatively charged, and the net charges carried was interpreted as that two interacting surfaces tend to by the particle is also negative. We show that if the separation minimize the total interaction free energy ( 3 ) . The model distance between the particle and the surface is greater than a critical value, the multivalent cations present in the liquid phase of Ninham and Parsegian was modified by Chan et al. ( 4, have the effect of reducing the repulsion force between the particle 5 ) to the case of amphoteric functional groups, by Prieve and the surface. The reverse is true if the separation distance is and Ruckenstein ( 6 ) to multiple ionizable functional smaller than the critical value. For a constant total number of groups, and by Ohshima and Ohki ( 7 ) to a particle comfunctional groups in the membrane phase, if the membrane is posed of a charge-free core and an ion-penetrable memsufficiently thin, the variation of repulsion force as a function of brane bearing fixed charges, which arise from the dissociaseparation distance exhibits a maximum.