Technology-Augmented Perception and Cognition (Human–Computer Interaction Series)

✍ Scribed by Tilman Dingler (editor), Evangelos Niforatos (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 288
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Tools and technologies have long complemented and extended our physical abilities: from pre-historic spearheads to steam-propelled ploughs and high-tech prosthetics. While the development of lenses granted us insights into the micro and macrocosms, new sensors and technologies increasingly augment our cognitive abilities, including memory and perception. 

This book integrates current research efforts, results, and visions from the fields of computer science, neuroscience, and psychology. It provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art and future applications of how technologies assist and augment human perception and cognition. 

Experts in the field share their research and findings on:

• Working memory enhancements
• Digitization of memories through lifelog archives
• The consequences of technology-induced disruptions and forgetting
• The creation and utilization of new human senses 
• Ethical and security concerns that arise with augmentation technologies. 

As technology weaves itself ever deeper into our lives, careful examination of its capabilities, risks and benefits is warranted. While this book focuses on the complementation and augmentation of human capabilities, it serves as a foundation for students, researchers and designers of technologies that push the boundaries of perception and cognition.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
Editors and Contributors
From Toolmakers to Cyborgs
1 Introduction
2 Cognitive Enhancements in Memory and Learning
3 Sensory Enhancements
Cognitive Enhancements and Learning
The Effect of Neurofeedback Training in CAVE-VR for Enhancing Working Memory
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 EEG and Brain Waves
2.2 Neurofeedback Training
2.3 Neurofeedback Training Efficacy
2.4 Neurofeedback Training in Working Memory
2.5 Immersion and Vividness in Virtual Reality
2.6 Neurofeedback in Virtual Reality
3 Study
3.1 Participants
3.2 Experimental Conditions
3.3 VR CAVE
3.4 EEG Acquisition
3.5 EEG Feedback Parameter
3.6 Experimental Design
3.7 Subjective Measures
3.8 Working Memory Measures
3.9 Data Analysis
4 Results
4.1 Is Vividness of Feedback Affecting Neurofeedback Performance?
4.2 Neurofeedback Learning over Time
4.3 How Does Vividness Affect Presence?
4.4 Is Upper-Alpha Activity Related to Working Memory?
5 Discussion
6 Conclusions
7 Limitations and Future Work
References
Memory Augmentation Through Lifelogging: Opportunities and Challenges
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Memory
4 Lifelogging
5 Capture
5.1 Camera Positions and Media Types
5.2 Implicit Capture Triggers
5.3 Implicit Lifelog Collection
6 Summaries and Reviews
6.1 Tools to Review Lifelog Footage
7 Towards a Memory Prosthesis
8 Challenges and the Path Forward
8.1 Camera Awareness
8.2 Data Privacy and Security
8.3 Applications
9 Conclusion
References
Technology-Mediated Memory Impairment
1 Inhibition: Technology that Encourages Us to Forget
1.1 The Google Effect
1.2 Digital Photography and Episodic Memory
1.3 Satellite Navigation and Spatial Memory
1.4 Explaining Inhibition Effects
2 Distortion: Technology that Manipulates What We Remember
2.1 False Memory
2.2 Retrieval-Induced Forgetting
2.3 Cognitive Vulnerabilities Inherent in Memory Augmentation
3 A Retrieval-Induced Forgetting Experiment Including False Events
3.1 Method
3.2 Results
3.3 Discussion
4 Concluding Remarks
References
Designing Task Resumption Cues for Interruptions in Mobile Learning Scenarios
1 Introduction
2 Mobile Learning and Micro-Learning
2.1 Mobile Learning
2.2 Usage Situations of Mobile Learning Applications
3 Attention and Memory
3.1 Attention
3.2 Memory
3.3 Memory Augmentation Strategies
4 Interruption Research
4.1 Process of Interruptions
4.2 Characteristics and Effects of Interruptions
4.3 Interruption Lag
4.4 Interruption Management
4.5 Task Resumption in Existing Applications
4.6 Pedagogical Memory Re-Activation
4.7 Task Resumption Strategies
5 Evaluation Part I: Literature Survey—Design Space on Task Resumption Cues
5.1 Methodology
5.2 Results
5.3 Discussion
6 Evaluation Part II: Focus Group: Designing Task Resumption Cues for Mobile Learning
6.1 Participants
6.2 Procedure
6.3 Causes of Interruptions During Mobile Learning in Everyday Scenarios
6.4 Design Ideas for Task Resumption Support
6.5 Discussion and Limitations
7 Design Guidelines for Task Resumption Cues in Mobile Learning
8 Conclusion
References
Sensory Enhancements
Insertables: Beyond Cyborgs and Augmentation to Convenience and Amenity
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 What Goes in the Body and for What Purposes?
2.2 Insertables for Augmented Perception and Cognition
2.3 Why Do People Use Devices Inside the Body?
2.4 Identity of Users of Insertable Devices
2.5 Research Gap
3 Research Design
3.1 Interview Methodology
3.2 Survey Methodology
3.3 Participant Demographics
4 Results
4.1 Purchasing and Inserting Devices
5 Insertable Devices
5.1 Insertable Device Types
5.2 Insertables Usage
5.3 Motivations for Using Insertables
5.4 Limitations of Insertables
5.5 Future Intentions
5.6 How Do Users Identify?
6 Discussion
6.1 Motivated by Convenience and Amenity Not Cyborg Dreams
6.2 Not a Movement, Simply Early Adopters
6.3 Augmentation at the Fringes
6.4 Continued Adoption of Insertable Devices
7 Conclusions
References
Augmented Senses: Evaluating Sensory Enhancement Applications
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Five Classical Senses
2.2 The Other Senses
2.3 Human Senses in Human–Computer Interaction
3 Concept
4 Examples of Applications on Sensory Augmentation
4.1 RainSense—Enhancing the Tactile Sense for Weather Communication
4.2 SHEARS—A Selective HEARing System to Enhance Auditory Attention
4.3 Clairbuoyance—Improving Orientation in Open Waters
5 Discussion and Lessons Learned
5.1 Future Work
6 Summary
References
Reflections
Privacy and Security in Augmentation Technologies
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Properties of Secure Systems
2.2 Attack Modeling
2.3 Threat Modeling
2.4 Human-Centered Security
2.5 Security and Privacy Implications of Human Augmentation
3 Methodology
4 Privacy, Security, and Safety Implications of Technology-Augmented Perception and Cognition
4.1 Understanding Consequences of Data Sharing
4.2 Loss of Data Control
4.3 Novel Attack Channels
4.4 The Cyborg Stalker
4.5 Impact of Data Manipulation
4.6 Physical Harm
4.7 Summary
5 Directions for Future Research
5.1 Informed Consent
5.2 When Users Are Evil—Augmentations Can Be Used Maliciously
6 Towards a Security and Privacy Framework for Technology Augmentation
6.1 Data Handling
6.2 Awareness and Consent
6.3 Control over Data
7 Discussion
7.1 Required Expertise
7.2 Interplay with Commercial Interest
7.3 Need for End User Involvement
7.4 Influence Beyond the Design Phase
8 Conclusion
References
Summary and Outlook
1 Memory and Learning
2 Sensory Enhancements
3 Reflections
4 Philosophical Perspectives
5 Outlook
References