## Abstract The soluble frizzled receptor protein (__SFRP__) family encodes antagonists of the WNT pathway, and silencing of these genes, through promoter hypermethylation, leads to constitutive WNT signaling. In bladder cancers, hypermethylation of the __SFRP__ genes occurs more often in current a
Survival analysis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Influence of smoking and drinking
β Scribed by Farzaneh Farshadpour; Hanneke Kranenborg; Eveline Van Beeck Calkoen; Gerrit Jan Hordijk; Ron Koole; Piet J. Slootweg; Chris H. Terhaard
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2010
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 175 KB
- Volume
- 33
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 1043-3074
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
β¦ Synopsis
Abstract
Background.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are associated with tobacco and alcohol; however, the prognostic relevance of these substances is unclear.
Methods.
Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed for patients with (n = 1829) and without (n = 183) substance use.
Results.
HNSCCβspecific survival (death due to primaryβHNSCC or recurrent HNSCC) and HNSCC/second primary tumorβspecific survival (death due to primaryβHNSCC or recurrent HNSCC or second primary tumor) were not significantly different for patients who smoked and drank alcohol (hazard ratio [HR], 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86β1.85) and those who did not (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.96β1.88). Overall survival was significantly affected; HR for patients who smoked and drank alcohol was 1.50 (95% CI, 1.16β1.93).
Conclusion.
Although tobacco and alcohol use are the main risk factors for development of HNSCC, disease outcome was comparable in patients who did or did not use these substances. Tobacco and alcohol use affected overall survival, which emphasizes the importance of substance use cessation. Β© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
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