Springer Handbook of Model-Based Science

✍ Scribed by Lorenzo Magnani, Tommaso Bertolotti (eds.)

• Publisher: Springer International Publishing
• Year: 2017
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 1179
• Series: Springer Handbooks
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This handbook offers the first comprehensive reference guide to the interdisciplinary field of model-based reasoning. It highlights the role of models as mediators between theory and experimentation, and as educational devices, as well as their relevance in testing hypotheses and explanatory functions. The Springer Handbook merges philosophical, cognitive and epistemological perspectives on models with the more practical needs related to the application of this tool across various disciplines and practices. The result is a unique, reliable source of information that guides readers toward an understanding of different aspects of model-based science, such as the theoretical and cognitive nature of models, as well as their practical and logical aspects. The inferential role of models in hypothetical reasoning, abduction and creativity once they are constructed, adopted, and manipulated for different scientific and technological purposes is also discussed. Written by a group of internationally renowned experts in philosophy, the history of science, general epistemology, mathematics, cognitive and computer science, physics and life sciences, as well as engineering, architecture, and economics, this Handbook uses numerous diagrams, schemes and other visual representations to promote a better understanding of the concepts. This also makes it highly accessible to an audience of scholars and students with different scientific backgrounds. All in all, the Springer Handbook of Model-Based Science represents the definitive application-oriented reference guide to the interdisciplinary field of model-based reasoning.

✦ Table of Contents

Front Matter....Pages 1-39
Front Matter....Pages 1-3
The Ontology of Models....Pages 5-23
Models and Theories....Pages 25-48
Models and Representation....Pages 49-102
Models and Explanation....Pages 103-118
Models and Simulations....Pages 119-132
Front Matter....Pages 133-135
Reorienting the Logic of Abduction....Pages 137-150
Patterns of Abductive Inference....Pages 151-173
Forms of Abduction and an Inferential Taxonomy....Pages 175-195
Magnani’s Manipulative Abduction....Pages 197-213
Front Matter....Pages 215-218
The Logic of Abduction: An Introduction....Pages 219-230
Qualitative Inductive Generalization and Confirmation....Pages 231-248
Modeling Hypothetical Reasoning by Formal Logics....Pages 249-267
Abductive Reasoning in Dynamic Epistemic Logic....Pages 269-293
Argumentation and Abduction in Dialogical Logic....Pages 295-314
Formal (In)consistency, Abduction and Modalities....Pages 315-335
Front Matter....Pages 337-339
Metaphor and Model-Based Reasoning in Mathematical Physics....Pages 341-353
Nancy Nersessian’s Cognitive-Historical Approach....Pages 355-375
Physically Similar Systems - A History of the Concept....Pages 377-411
Hypothetical Models in Social Science....Pages 413-433
Model-Based Diagnosis....Pages 435-461
Front Matter....Pages 337-339
Thought Experiments in Model-Based Reasoning....Pages 463-493
Front Matter....Pages 495-497
Diagrammatic Reasoning in Mathematics....Pages 499-522
Deduction, Diagrams and Model-Based Reasoning....Pages 523-535
Model-Based Reasoning in Mathematical Practice....Pages 537-549
Abduction and the Emergence of Necessary Mathematical Knowledge....Pages 551-567
Front Matter....Pages 569-571
Vision, Thinking, and Model-Based Inferences....Pages 573-603
Diagrammatic Reasoning....Pages 605-618
Embodied Mental Imagery in Cognitive Robots....Pages 619-637
Dynamical Models of Cognition....Pages 639-655
Complex versus Complicated Models of Cognition....Pages 657-669
From Neural Circuitry to Mechanistic Model-Based Reasoning....Pages 671-692
Front Matter....Pages 693-694
Computational Aspects of Model-Based Reasoning....Pages 695-718
Computational Scientific Discovery....Pages 719-734
Computer Simulations and Computational Models in Science....Pages 735-781
Simulation of Complex Systems....Pages 783-797
Models and Experiments in Robotics....Pages 799-815
Biorobotics....Pages 817-837
Front Matter....Pages 839-841
Comparing Symmetries in Models and Simulations....Pages 843-856
Experimentation on Analogue Models....Pages 857-878
Models of Chemical Structure....Pages 879-890
Front Matter....Pages 839-841
Models in Geosciences....Pages 891-911
Models in the Biological Sciences....Pages 913-928
Models and Mechanisms in Cognitive Science....Pages 929-952
Model-Based Reasoning in the Social Sciences....Pages 953-970
Front Matter....Pages 971-973
Models in Architectural Design....Pages 975-988
Representational and Experimental Modeling in Archaeology....Pages 989-1002
Models and Ideology in Design....Pages 1003-1014
Restructuring Incomplete Models in Innovators Marketplace on Data Jackets....Pages 1015-1031
Models in Pedagogy and Education....Pages 1033-1049
Model-Based Reasoning in Crime Prevention....Pages 1051-1063
Modeling in the Macroeconomics of Financial Markets....Pages 1065-1101
Application of Models from Social Science to Social Policy....Pages 1103-1116
Models and Moral Deliberation....Pages 1117-1128
Back Matter....Pages 1129-1181

✦ Subjects

Computational Intelligence;Philosophy of Science;Mathematical Logic and Foundations;History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics;Cognitive Psychology;Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics)