Background/objectives:
Postprandial hyperglycemia increases the risks of development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. the purpose of this study was to determine whether a 3-day low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (lc/hfd) alters postprandial plasma glucose and incretin levels during oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt) in healthy men.
Subjects/methods:
Nine healthy young men (age (mean ± s.e.), 27 ± 1 years; body mass index, 22 ± 1 kg/m(2)) consumed either a normal diet (nd: energy from ∼22% fat) or a lc/hfd (energy from ∼69% fat) for 3 days each. the total energy intake from each diet was similar. an ogtt was performed after each 3-day dietary intervention. postprandial plasma glucose, insulin, free fatty acid and glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) levels were determined at rest and during the ogtt.
Results:
Plasma glucose levels and incremental area under the curve during the ogtt were significantly higher in the lc/hfd trial than in the nd trial (p=0.024). in addition, increase in glp-1 levels was significantly higher in the lc/hfd trial than in the nd trial (p=0.025). the first-phase insulin secretion indexes were significantly lower in the lc/hfd trial than in the nd trial (p<0.041).
Conclusions:
These results demonstrate that even short-term lc/hfd increased postprandial plasma glucose and glp-1 levels in healthy young men. a decrease in first-phase insulin secretion may partially contribute to the short-term lc/hfd-induced increase in postprandial plasma glucose levels.