Preface
Organization
Committee
Co-Chairpersons
International Programme Committee
Local Conference Organization
Contents
Workshops, Curricula and Related Aspects
Robotikum
1 Beginnings of the “Robotikum”
2 The Workshop-Concept
2.1 The Robotikum
2.2 Development of the MOOC “RoboBase”
3 Teaching and Learning Material
3.1 Textbook
3.2 Workbook
4 Evaluation Concept and First Observations
4.1 The Pilots
4.2 First Observations
5 Conclusion and Outlook
References
ROSSINI: RobOt kidS deSIgn thiNkIng
1 Introduction
2 Five Pillars of ROSSINI
3 Workshops
3.1 ROSSINI
3.2 ROSSINA
4 Evaluation
5 Conclusion
References
Using Robots for Digital Storytelling. A Game Design Framework for Teaching Human Rights to Primary School Students
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 The Ozobot Bit Robot
2.2 Experimental Setup
2.3 Board Games and Game Mechanics
2.4 Field Testing
3 Results
4 Discussion and Further Research
References
Key Factors for Keeping Students Engaged in Robotics Learning
1 Introduction
2 Learning with Educational Robotics
3 Robotics as a Learning Tool
3.1 Mini-Projects
3.2 Final Project
4 Student Work Results
5 Flow State
6 Audience/Showcase
7 Conclusion and Next Step
References
Compiling ROS Schooling Curricula via Contentual Taxonomies
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Motivation and Overview
2 Methodology
2.1 Training Structure and Learning Entities
2.2 Semantic Annotations
3 Method and Approach
3.1 Flexible Compilation
3.2 Realisation in Sphinx
4 Discussion
References
Robot Security Education: Hands-on Lab Activities Based Teaching Approach
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 DoS Attacks: Basic Concepts
3.1 Land Attack
3.2 SYN Flood Attack
3.3 DoS Attack Based on ARP Cache Poisoning
4 Experiment Setup
4.1 Network Architecture
4.2 Software Tools
5 Hands-on Lab Activities Implementation and Results
5.1 Lab Activity #1: Land Attack Generation
5.2 Lab Activity #2: TCP Syn Flood Attack Generation
5.3 Lab Activity #3: ARP Ache Poisoning Based DoS Attack Generation
6 Analysis of Results
7 Robots Security Enhancement
8 Conclusion
References
Robotics and Vision Station for Education
1 Introduction
2 Development
2.1 Related Work
2.2 Description of the Educational Innovation
2.3 The Implementation Process of the Innovation
2.4 Evaluation of Results
3 Conclusions
References
Teaching Daily Life Skills in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Interventions Using the Social Robot Pepper
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 The Social Robot Pepper
2.2 Methodology
2.3 Evaluation
3 Application and Results
4 Conclusions
References
Synergy of Intelligent Algorithms for Efficient Child-Robot Interaction in Special Education: A Feasibility Study
1 Introduction
2 Social Robots in Special Education
3 Feasibility Analysis
4 Experiments
5 Conclusion and Future Work
References
DOPPLER Project: Inspiring A New Generation in STEM
1 Context
2 The DOPPLER Project
3 The Danger of Imitation
4 Robotics in Science Education in Africa
5 DOPPLER Experience in Robotics
5.1 Activity I - Robot Farmer
5.2 Activity II - Math DrawerBot
5.3 Activity III - Physical Robot
5.4 Training Teachers and Students
6 Conclusion
References
Geriatronics - A Student Workshop on Senior Citizens, Robotics and Ethical Issues
1 Introduction
2 Robots in Comparison
2.1 The Franka Emika Panda
2.2 The LEGO Robot
3 Robots and Ethics
4 Geriatrics
5 Conclusion
References
Integrating Robotics with School Subjects
Teachers’ Perceptions of Bee-Bot Robotic Toy and Their Ability to Integrate It in Their Teaching
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Framework
2.1 Bee-Bot Robotic Toy Across Disciplines
2.2 Teacher Training in Educational Robotics and Robotic Toys
3 Methodology
3.1 Research Questions
3.2 Training Session Description
4 Results
4.1 RQ1: How Do Teachers Initially Perceive the Bee-Bot After Receiving Training?
4.2 RQ2: How Do Teachers Perceive the Bee-Bot After Making Use of It in Their Teaching Practice?
4.3 RQ3: To What Extent Were Teachers Able to Integrate the Bee-Bot in Their Teaching Practice?
5 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Mathematics Through Educational Robotics in a First Primary Class: A Comprehensive Study
1 Introduction
2 Pedagogical Foundations: Primary Education Through Robotics
3 Suitable Robots for First Years in Primary School
4 Didactical Project Design
5 Evaluation
6 Concluding Remarks
References
Spike Up Prime Interest in Physics
1 Introduction
2 Hardware Solutions for Teaching Physics
2.1 IP-Coach (CMA)
2.2 LogIT
2.3 Pasco
2.4 Vernier
3 Related Work
4 LEGO Education Spike Prime
5 Physics Experiments with Spike Prime
5.1 Measuring Speed
5.2 Average Speed
5.3 Rotational Inertia
5.4 Center of Gravity
5.5 Scales
5.6 Mechanical Lever
5.7 Pulleys for Lifting Weights
5.8 Mathematical Pendulum
5.9 Static Wave Generator
5.10 Centrifugal Force
6 Preliminary Testing
7 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Robotics Competitions
Learning 21st Century Skills Through Educational Robotics Competitions
1 The World Robot Olympiad
2 21st Century Skills
3 Evaluation Study of the WRO in Germany
3.1 Motivation
3.2 Research Design, Questions, and Methodology
4 Conclusion and Outlook
References
The European Robotics Hackathon (EnRicH)
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Benchmarking in Robotics Competitions
2.2 Standardization in Robotics Competitions
2.3 RN-Related Robotics Competitions
3 EnRicH – The European Robotics Hackathon
3.1 The EnRicH 2019 Event
4 Conclusion and Outlook
References
Educational Contribution from Summer Robotic League
1 Introduction
2 The Summer Robotic League
3 Methodology
4 Results
4.1 Interesting Tasks
4.2 Successful tasks
4.3 Misconceptions in programming solutions
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Robotics Competitions as an Integral Part of STEM Education
1 Introduction
2 Robotics Competitions and the Paradigm of Robotex Cyprus
3 Participation of Women in STEM Fields
4 Team Work - Interactions Between Team Members
5 The Role of the Tutor – Interactions with the Tutor
6 The Role of the Competition Organizers
7 Conclusions
References
Impact Evaluation
Perspectives of Educational Robotics in the Ongoing Technological Transformations
1 Introduction
2 Educational Robotics Overview, Questions and Critics
3 Case Study, Statistics and State of the Art
3.1 Case Context
3.2 Educational Robotics Lab and Its Processes
3.3 Statistics and Trends
3.4 Educational Robotics Components, Programming
4 Conclusion
References
Towards a Conceptual and Methodological Framework for the Evaluation of Educational Robotics Activities
1 Introduction
2 Educational Robotics Workshops
2.1 Workshop A
2.2 Workshop B
2.3 Workshop C
3 Evaluation Design
3.1 Quantitative Evaluation Tool
3.2 Items to Compare the Interest in STEM and Self-efficacy Before and After the Workshop Activities
3.3 The Items to Prove the C4STEM-factors of Positive Influence of Role-models with the Role-Model-Index and Achievement During the Robotic Activities with the Robotic-Activity-Index.
4 Results/Findings
4.1 Findings of the Interest of the Participants Before the Workshop
4.2 Comparison of STEM-Index and Self-Efficacy-Index Before and After the Workshops
4.3 Findings After the Workshop
4.4 Interest in STEM Career by Girls
4.5 The Interest in Robots by Girls
5 Conclusion and Outlook
References
Placemat Instructions for Open-Ended Robotics Challenges
1 Motivation
2 Study Design
2.1 Study Context
2.2 Activity Design
2.3 Placemat Instructions Design
3 Methods
3.1 Data Collection
3.2 Data Analysis
4 Results
4.1 Overall Results
4.2 Specific Use Cases
5 Conclusions
References
Technologies and Platforms
Maera: A Hybrid Wheeled-Legged Robot Designed for Research and Education
1 Introduction
2 Maera Specifications: Designing for Education
2.1 Hardware Architecture
2.2 Electronics and Control
3 Educational Use-Cases
3.1 NTUA-UDE Summer School
3.2 Researcher's Night - Short Event
4 Student Feedback
5 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Andruino-R2: Android and Arduino Based Low-Cost ROS-Integrated Educational Robot from Scratch
1 Introduction
2 Design Criteria
3 Andruino Hardware and Sensors
4 Andruino Software
4.1 Android Software Driver
4.2 Arduino Firmware
5 Examples of Tasks with Andruino-R2 in the Classroom
5.1 Understanding Computer Vision and Feedback Control
5.2 Understanding Modeling and Simulation with Gazebo
6 Conclusions
References
An Exploratory Study About the NAVS Robot Emotional Effect in Educational Contexts
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Design Process
4 Validation Process
5 Conclusion
References
Easy Controlling a Robot Using Voice for Hobbyists
1 Introduction
2 Our Approach to Easy Voice Control
3 Implementation Details of Our Solution
4 Test of the Implemented Control
5 Where to Get and How to Use Our Solution
6 Conclusion
References
Programming Environments
Physical Bits: A Live Programming Environment for Educational Robotics
1 Introduction
2 Proposed Solution
2.1 Live Programming and Autonomy
2.2 Block-Based and Text-Based Programming
3 Related Work
4 Implementation
4.1 Architecture
4.2 Firmware
4.3 Middleware
4.4 Ide
5 Code Example
6 Future Work
7 Conclusions
References
A Block–based IDE Extension for the ESP32
1 Introduction
2 Block-based Programming in Education
3 Block-based Programming Interface for the ESP32
4 Bringing Swarm Robotics into Schools Using the ESP32
5 Conclusion
References
Automatic Assessment of Programming Solutions for Educational Robots Lego Mindstorms EV3
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Results
4 Conclusion
References
The Concept of Using AR and VR Technologies in the Vocational Training System in Robotics and Automation
1 Introduction
2 AR and VR in VET
2.1 AR in VET
2.2 VR in VET
2.3 Limitations and Problems of Using AR/VR Technologies in VET
3 MILAN Project
4 Use of VR/AR in Automation and Robotics Training
4.1 General Concept
4.2 Robotics Training Lab in the Centre for Research and Development of Modern Technologies
4.3 Use Case of E-learning Course with ABB YuMi Robot
5 Conclusions
References
Cross Topics
The Effectiveness of a Robot Animal as a Virtual Instructor
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Design and Material
2.2 Procedure
2.3 Participants
2.4 Instrumentation
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
From Diagram to Breadboard: Limiting the Gap and Strengthening the Understanding
1 Introduction
1.1 Preliminary Study
1.2 Related Work
2 Method
2.1 Conditions
2.2 Procedure
2.3 Data Collection
2.4 Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Questionnaire
3.2 Pre-test
3.3 Post-test
3.4 Semi-structure Interviews
3.5 Observations
4 Discussion
4.1 The Developed Solutions
4.2 Thoughts on How to Transition to Standardized Materials
4.3 Limitations and Future Directions
5 Conclusion
References
A Robotic Teacher Community to Foster the Integration of Educational Robotics in School
1 Introduction
2 Roteco Project
2.1 The Roteco Community
2.2 Training
3 Conclusion and Next Steps
References
MAKER DAYS for Kids: Learnings from a Pop-up Makerspace
1 Introduction
2 About the Event
3 Research Approach and Data Collection
4 Lessons Learned from the MAKER DAYS Events
4.1 How to Achieve a Balanced Gender Ratio
4.2 Breaking the Ice
4.3 Announcement of Activities/Workshops
4.4 Sticker Card
4.5 The Importance of a Structured Experience
4.6 Social Innovation and (Peer) Feedback
4.7 The “Keychain Syndrome”
4.8 Coding and Robotics in Different Contexts
5 Conclusion
References
Author Index