Respiratory Biomechanics: Engineering Analysis of Structure and Function

✍ Scribed by James R. Ligas (auth.), Mary A. Farrell Epstein, James R. Ligas (eds.)

• Publisher: Springer-Verlag New York
• Year: 1990
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 207
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This proceedings volume brings together the invited papers from the Respiratory Biomechanics Symposium of the First World Congress of Biomechanics held in La Jolla, California from August 3D-September 4, 1990. The respiratory system offers many opportunities to apply the different branches of traditional mechanics. Tissue defonnations and stresses during lung expansion can be analyzed using the principles of solid mechanics. Fluid mechanical problems in the lung are unique. There is the matched distribution of two fluids, gas and blood, in two beautifully intertwined, branched conduit systems. The reversing flow of the gas phase presents different problems than the pulsatile flow of the non-Newtonian fluid that is the blood. On the smaller scale, there is the flux of fluids and solutes across the capillary membrane. Finally, there is the problem of coupling fluid and solid mechanics to understand the overall behavior of the respiratory system. In this symposium, we have chosen to address the basic processes that contribute to the gas and fluid exchange functions of the lung. Section 1, Lung Tissue Mechanics, provides an historical background and, then, presents more recent work on the structure of the lung parenchyma, the mechanics of the tissue, and the effects of the bounding membrane, the visceral pleura.

✦ Table of Contents

Front Matter....Pages i-xvi
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Lung Tissue Mechanics: Historical Overview....Pages 3-18
Architecture of Lung Parenchyma....Pages 19-33
Volume-Pressure Hysteresis of the Lungs....Pages 34-38
Lung Tissue Mechanics....Pages 39-43
Pleural Mechanics....Pages 44-51
Front Matter....Pages 53-53
Respiratory Fluid Mechanics and Transport....Pages 55-56
Impedance of Laminar Oscillatory Flow Superimposed on a Continuous Turbulent Flow: Application to Respiratory Impedance Measurement....Pages 57-64
Current Issues in Understanding Acoustic Impedance of the Respiratory System....Pages 65-75
Effects of Curvature, Taper and Flexibility on Dispersion in Oscillatory Pipe Flow....Pages 76-82
Interactions Between Lung Mechanics And Gas Transport....Pages 83-89
Nonclassical Features of Gas Transport and Exchange at the Alveolar Level....Pages 90-97
Flow Dynamics of the Nasal Passage....Pages 98-105
Front Matter....Pages 107-107
Elasticity of Pulmonary Blood Vessels in Human Lungs....Pages 109-116
Distensibility of the Pulmonary Capillaries....Pages 117-122
Recruitment of Pulmonary Capillaries....Pages 123-129
Pulsatile pulmonary capillary pressure measured with the arterial occlusion technique....Pages 130-136
Sites of Pulmonary Vasoconstriction: Indirect and Direct Measurements....Pages 137-144
Front Matter....Pages 145-145
An Error Analysis of Pulmonary Vascular Permeability Measurements Made with Positron Emission Tomography....Pages 147-154
Evaluation of Lung Vascular Permeability by External Scanning of Gamma Emitter Activity....Pages 155-161
Use of Mathematics in Assessing Solute Exchange Across the Lung Epithelium....Pages 162-168
Front Matter....Pages 145-145
On Line Colorimetric Determinations of Transvascular Fluid and Protein Transport in Isolated Lobes....Pages 169-175
Fractal analysis of lung fluid flow....Pages 176-182
The Roles of Small Molecules as Probes of Endothelial Barrier Function in the Lung: Novel Measurement Methods and Molecular Probes....Pages 183-190
Front Matter....Pages 191-191
Integrating Mechanics and Transport in Assessing Respiratory Function....Pages 193-194
Airway Heat and Water Exchange....Pages 195-195
Quantitation of the Regional Distribution of Pulmonary Blood Flow by Fractal Analysis....Pages 196-200
Elucidation of Principles of Gas Exchange by Means of Soluble Tracer Species....Pages 201-201

✦ Subjects

Biomedical Engineering;Biophysics and Biological Physics