Principles of Environmental Engineering

✍ Scribed by Yan Liu (editor), Liang Li (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2024
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 529
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This textbook contains the contents coming from hydraulics, hydrodynamics, chemical principles, chemical reaction engineering and bioengineering, which relates closely with fundamental principles in environmental engineering. It mainly covers principles including basic concepts, theories, methods and related equipment in fluid flow and transportation, heat transfer, absorption, chemical and biological reaction kinetics and reactors, as well as their applications in environmental engineering. At same time, the readers learns the basic viewpoints and methods commonly used in engineering technology, such as balance method, reasonable simplification, dimensional analysis method, boundary layer theory, optimization and mathematical model method. It broadens the student’s understanding in solving those problems in environmental engineering, and enhances their awareness of industrialization. This book is the specialized foundation and principles for learning the professional courses of environmental engineering, such as "water pollution control," "air pollution control," "solid waste treatment and disposal" and "ecological restoration engineering", while avoiding the repetition of the contents of those professional books.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
1 Prolegomenon
1.1 Overview
1.2 Mass Balance and the First Law of Thermodynamics
1.3 Equilibrium and Rate
1.4 Units of Physical Quantities and Unit Systems
Reference
2 Fluid Flow and Transport Equipment
2.1 Overview
2.1.1 Methods for Investigating Fluid Flow
2.1.2 Basic Concepts of Fluid Flow
2.1.3 Internal Friction in Fluid Flow
2.1.4 Types of Fluid Flow and Its Discriminant Method
2.1.5 Flow Boundary Layer
2.2 Friction Loss of Fluid Flow in a System
2.2.1 Factors Affecting Friction Loss
2.2.2 Straight Pipe Friction Loss and Dimensional Analysis
2.2.3 Local Loss
2.3 Balance Equation for a Steady Flow System and Its Application
2.3.1 Mass Balance Equation
2.3.2 Energy Balance and Bernoulli Equation
2.3.3 The Calculation of Pipeline System
2.4 Open Channel Uniform Flow and Thin Wall Weir
2.4.1 Formation Conditions and Characteristics of Uniform Flow in Open Channels
2.4.2 Calculation of Uniform Flow in Open Channel
2.4.3 Thin Wall Weir
2.5 Common Measuring Instruments
2.5.1 Venturi Flowmeter
2.5.2 Ubbelohde Viscometer
2.6 Two-Phase Flow
2.6.1 Motion Resistance and Resistance Coefficient of Spherical Particles in Fluid
2.6.2 Gravity Settlement
2.7 Fluid Transport Equipment
2.7.1 Centrifugal Pump
2.7.2 Centrifugal Compressor, Root Blower and Jet Aerator
2.7.3 Reciprocating Compressor and Reciprocating Pump
2.7.4 Other Commonly Used Fluid Conveying Equipment
References
3 Heat Transfer
3.1 Overview
3.1.1 The Basic Mode of Heat Transfer
3.1.2 Heat Transfer Problems in the Field of Environmental Engineering
3.2 Heat Conduction
3.2.1 Fourier’s Law
3.2.2 Thermal Conductivity
3.2.3 Stable Heat Conduction of Flat Wall
3.2.4 Heat Conduction on Cylinder Wall
3.3 Convection Heat Transfer
3.3.1 Mechanism of Convection Heat Transfer
3.3.2 Convection Heat Transfer Rate
3.3.3 Empirical Equation for the Convection Heat Transfer Film Coefficient
3.3.4 Critical Diameter of Insulation Layer
3.4 Calculation of Heat Transfer Process
3.4.1 Heat Balance
3.4.2 Total Heat Transfer Rate Equation
3.4.3 Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
3.4.4 The Mean Temperature Difference of Heat Transfer
3.4.5 Examples of Heat Transfer Calculation
3.5 Heat Exchangers
3.5.1 Direct Contact Heat Exchanger
3.5.2 Regenerative Heat Exchanger
3.5.3 Interwall Heat Exchanger
3.6 Measures to Strengthen the Heat Transfer Process of Heat Exchangers
References
4 Absorption
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 Mass Transfer Process in Environmental Engineering
4.2 Mass Transfer Mechanism as well as Mass Transfer Rate and Flux
4.2.1 Molecular Diffusion
4.2.2 Convection diffusion
4.3 Gas-Liquid Phase Equilibrium
4.3.1 Overview
4.3.2 Solubility Curve
4.3.3 Henry’s Law
4.3.4 Phase Equilibrium and Absorption Process
4.4 Kinetic Basis of Absorption
4.4.1 Overview
4.4.2 Two-Film Theory
4.4.3 Absorption Mass Transfer Flux Equation
4.5 Design and Operation Calculation of the Absorption Process
4.5.1 Overview
4.5.2 Material Balance and Operating Line Equation of the Absorption Tower
4.5.3 Calculation of the Absorbent Dosage or Molar Flow Rate (L) and the Specific Absorbent Dosage (L/V)
4.5.4 Calculation of Packing Layer Height of Absorption Tower
4.5.5 Calculation of Theoretical Plates and Tower Height
4.5.6 Determination of Tower Diameter
4.5.7 Calculation of the Absorption Process
4.6 Desorption
4.6.1 Overview
4.6.2 Gas Stripping Desorption
4.7 Multicomponent Absorption and Chemical Absorption
4.7.1 Multicomponent Absorption
4.7.2 Chemical Absorption
References
5 Chemical and Biological Reaction Kinetics and Reactors
5.1 Chemical and Biological Reaction Kinetics
5.1.1 Classification of Reactions
5.1.2 Reaction rate and Equation
5.1.3 Homogeneous Reaction Kinetics
5.1.4 Biochemical Reaction Kinetics
5.2 Reactor
5.2.1 Flow Model of Material in Reactor
5.2.2 Reactor and Operational Mode
5.2.3 Calculation of Ideal Homogeneous Reactor
5.2.4 Optimal Selection of Ideal Homogeneous Reactor
5.3 Microbial Reactor
5.3.1 Batch Microbial Reactor
5.3.2 Continuous Microbial Reactor
References
Appendix A Physical Properties of Water (Cardarelli, 2018)
Appendix B Important Physical Properties of Some Gases (Cardarelli, 2018)
Appendix C Important Physical Properties of Some Liquids (Cardarelli, 2018)
Appendix D Physical Properties of Dry Air (101.33 kPa) (Cardarelli, 2018)
Appendix E Absolute Roughness of Pipe Wall (Cardarelli, 2018)
Reference
Symbols and Units
Index