Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
About the Authors
1 General Introduction: A Study of Mediterranean Populations
1.1 A Book Addressing the Lack of Pan-Mediterranean Demographic Studies
1.1.1 In Search of Human Unity in the Mediterranean
1.1.2 The Mediterranean and Population Sciences
1.1.3 A Lack of Pan-Mediterranean Demographic Studies
1.2 Approach and Commitment
1.2.1 What Do We Mean by the Mediterranean?
1.2.2 International Comparisons Over Time
1.2.3 Grid Convergence to Analyse Demographic Phenomena
1.2.4 Data Used
1.3 Structure of the Book
References
2 Spatial Distribution of Population and Urbanisation
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Uneven Distribution of the Population
2.3 Far from Determinism: Opportunities and Constraints of Mediterranean Areas
2.4 A Very Coastal and Increasing Urbanisation
2.5 Settlement Challenges in the Mediterranean
References
3 Sex Ratio, Age Structure and Population Ageing
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Gender Inequalities in the Mediterranean
3.3 An Ageing Population
3.4 Ongoing Significant Differences in Age Structure Between Regions
3.5 Implications and Consequences of Age Structure Differences
References
4 The Various of Demographic Transitions
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Demographic Transition “Models”
4.2.1 Type 1: Ancient Transition with Pseudo-Equilibrium in the 1970s (Spain, France)
4.2.2 Type 2: Transition with Pseudo-Equilibrium in the Late 1990s (Cyprus, Montenegro, Malta)
4.2.3 Type 3: Rapid Transition with Late Pseudo-Equilibrium from the 2000s Onwards (Macedonia, Albania, Kosovo)
4.3 Completed Demographic Transition with a Post-Transitional Decline Regime
4.3.1 Type 4: Transition with Pseudo-Equilibrium in the 1980s–1990s (Italy, Portugal, Greece, Slovenia, Croatia, Bulgaria)
4.3.2 Type 5: Transition with Pseudo-Equilibrium in the 2000s (Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina)
4.4 Completed Demographic Transition with a Post-Transitional Regime with Sustained Population Growth (Type 6: Israel)
4.5 Recent and Rapid Demographic Transition, Now Being Finalised
4.5.1 Type 7: Transition Already Underway in 1950 (Lebanon, Turkey)
4.5.2 Type 8: More Recent Transition (Libya, Morocco, Tunisia)
4.6 Possible Demographic Counter-Transitions (Type 9: Egypt, Algeria)
4.7 Recent and Ongoing Transition, Slower Decline in Birth Rate (Type 10: Jordan, Palestine, Syria)
4.8 A Diversity of Demographic Transitions Despite a General Convergence
References
5 Fertility Intensity and Timing
5.1 Introduction
5.2 A Global Fertility Convergence
5.3 The Intersection of Birth Timing and Fertility Intensity
5.3.1 Mean Age at Childbearing
5.3.2 Fertility by Age Group
5.4 Specific Contributions of Age Groups
5.5 (Un)certainties for the Future of Mediterranean Fertility
References
6 Family Formation and Dissolution
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Major Marriage and Divorce Trends
6.2.1 Marriage
6.2.2 Divorce
6.3 Changes in Marriage
6.3.1 An Increase in Age at Marriage
6.3.2 Permanent Celibacy
6.3.3 Summary of Family Models
6.4 Conclusion
References
7 Mortality Profiles
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Mortality at All Ages: Life Expectancy at Birth
7.2.1 A Very Heterogeneous Picture in 1950
7.2.2 General Convergence Since 1950
7.2.3 Decreases in Life Expectancy at Birth
7.2.4 Gender Inequalities
7.3 The Different Mortality Profiles
7.3.1 Infant and Child Mortality (Under 5 Years Old)
7.3.2 Adult Mortality (15–64 Years Old)
7.3.3 Mortality at Advanced Ages (65 Years Old or Older)
7.4 The Health Transition
7.5 Conclusion
References
8 The Mediterranean Migration System
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Migration in the Mediterranean (1950–1995)
8.3 Migration in the Mediterranean in the XXI Century
8.4 Two Emerging Phenomena: High Skilled and Irregular Migration
8.5 Conclusions
References
9 Population Dynamics and Their Components
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Evolving Power Relations
9.3 Natural and Migration Dynamics: Which Combinations Exist in the Mediterranean?
9.3.1 Natural Dynamics: South and East
9.3.2 Migration Dynamics: Sending Versus Receiving Countries
9.4 Growth Outlook to 2060: What Can We Expect?
References
10 Conclusions. An Overview of Population Dynamics in the Mediterranean
10.1 Major Demographic Developments Since 1950
10.2 An Assessment of the Book’s Overall Approach
References
Correction to: Mortality Profiles
Correction to: Chapter 7 in: Y. Doignon et al., Population Dynamics in the Mediterranean, SpringerBriefs in Population Studies, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37759-4_7
References