Piezoelectric ceramic implants: A feasibility study

✍ Scribed by Park, J. B. ;von Recum, A. F. ;Kenner, G. H. ;Kelly, B. J. ;Coffeen, W. W. ;Grether, M. F.

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1980
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 939 KB
• Volume: 14
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0021-9304
• DOI: 10.1002/jbm.820140308

✦ Synopsis

Abstract

A piezoelectric ceramic has been investigated as a direct substitute for hard tissues. Barium titanate (BaTiO~3~) powder was slipcast and fired at 1430°C for 2 hr, then made piezoelectric by polarizing. After 16 and 86 days of implantation in the cortex of the femoral midshafts, the femora with test specimens were sectioned into about 4‐cm lengths. Their voltage outputs were measured under cyclic load at 1 Hz. The present results show that the voltage gradient at the implant surface is 0.15 mV/mm for the 16‐day implantation with a 445‐N (100‐lbs.) load. This in turn can give rise to about 0.01 μA current flow in the adjacent area of the 16‐day implant. The 86‐day implant showed an order of magnitude higher voltage output compared to the 16‐day implant with the same magnitude of loads. This is probably due to the “load‐transfer” efficiency through the implants, since the voltage output is directly proportional to the actual load transferred to the implant. The more bone implant interface matures, the better the load transfer occurs through the implant, resulting in higher voltage output.