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Perinatal transmission of the hepatitis b virus and of the hbv-associated delta agent from mothers to offspring in northern italy

✍ Scribed by A.R. Zanetti; P. Ferroni; E.M. Magliano; P. Pirovano; Carla Lavarini; M. Rizzetto; Anna L. Massaro; R. Gavinelli; C. Fabris

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
1982
Tongue
English
Weight
571 KB
Volume
9
Category
Article
ISSN
0146-6615

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

We report a prospective study on infants born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier mothers to estimate the incidence of perinatal transmission of HBV and HBV‐associated delta agent in Northern Italy. The risk of infection to the infant was related to the presence of the HBe antigen‐antibody system, HBV‐specific DNA polymerase activity and antibody to delta in maternal sera, and to the titer of anti‐HBe in babies at birth. The data of this study indicate:

  1. Babies born to HBsAg carrier mothers with HBeAg in serum are at extremely high risk of acquiring HBV infection and of developing a chronic carrier state, whereas those born to anti‐HBe‐positive mothers are at a lower (P <.01) yet consistent risk of infection.

  2. HBs antigenernia is usually prolonged and symptomatic in babies born to HBeAg–positive mothers while being self‐limited and asymptomatic in babies born to anti‐HBe‐positive mothers.

  3. DNA polymerase activity in maternal serum appears to be the most sensitive marker predicting HBV transmission to the infant since it was detected in all the HBeAg‐positive mothers and also in two anti‐HBe‐positive mothers and in one HBeAg/anti‐HBe‐negative mother who transmitted infection to their babies.

  4. High titers of anti‐HBe (up to 1:10^3^) do not prevent HBV infection.

  5. Vertical transmission of delta infection seems to occur only in circumstances that permit perinatal transmission of HBV infection.

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