Nanostructured Magnetic Materials and Their Applications (Lecture Notes in Physics, 593)

✍ Scribed by Donglu Shi (editor), Bekir Aktas (editor), Ladisvlav Pust (editor), Faik Mikailov (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2002
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 289
• Edition: 2002
• Category: Library

✦ Table of Contents

Chapter 1
1 A Survey of Nanomagnetism
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Physical Properties of Magnetic Nanostructures
1.2.1 Substrate Effects on Structures and Related Properties
1.2.2 Oscillatory Exchange Coupling
1.2.3 Spin Polarized Tunneling
1.2.4 Magnetoresistivity
1.2.5 Two Dimensional Systems
1.2.6 One Dimensional Systems
1.2.7 “Zero Dimensional” Systems
1.3 Experimental Techniques for Nano-scaled Magnetic Materials
1.3.1 Recent Progress in Nano-sized Sample Preparation
1.3.2 Measurements Techniques
1.4 Applications
1.5 Outline of the Book
References
Chapter 2
2 AMR and GMR Layers and Multilayers for Magnetic Field Sensors
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Experimental Procedure
2.3 Sophisticated Elements Based on Anisotropic Magnetoresistance
2.3.1 Elements of Increased Sensitivity (“Longitudinal” Ones)
2.3.2 Elements with Decreased Hysteresis
2.3.3 Elements Determining the Magnetic Field Direction
2.3.4 Elements with Increased Upper Level of Measuring Fields
2.3.5 Developed AMR Sensor Mockups
2.4 Investigations of (Co/Cu)n Multilayer Nanostructure Showing “Giant” Magnetoresistance (GMR)
2.4.1 Influence of Cu Interlayer Thickness on Magnetoresistive Ratio
2.4.2 Nanostructures with a Variable Number of Bilayers
2.4.3 Possible Fields of Application
2.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 3
3 Model Calculation of the Giant Magnetoresistance in Multilayers with an Arbitrary Number of Layers
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Construction of the Green Function
3.3 Calculation of the Spin Angles
3.4 Calculation of the GMR and Application to Some Measured Characteristics
3.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 4
4 Interface Effects in Tunneling Magnetoresistive Systems
4.1 Interface Properties in Tunneling Magnetoresistance Devices
4.2 Depth Selective Mössbauer Spectroscopy
4.3 Interface Magnetism
4.4 Solid State Reaction at the Fe-Al Interface under the Presence of Oxygen
4.5 Discussion
References
Chapter 5
5 Analysis of the Disturbing Influence of Stray Fields in Very Small MRAM Cells by Computer Simulation
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Simulation by Energy Minimization
5.3 Simulation by the Local Field Method
5.4 Equation of Motion
5.5 Stray Fields, Magnetization and TMR
5.6 Results
Conclusion
References
Chapter 6
6 Stability of Magnetic Tunnel Junctions
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Experimental
6.3 Thermal Stability
6.3.1 Experimental – Thermal Stability
6.3.2 Results – Thermal Stability
6.3.3 Conclusions – Thermal Stability
6.4 Magnetic Stability
6.4.1 Experimental – Magnetic Stability
6.4.2 Results – Magnetic Stability
6.4.3 Conclusions – Magnetic Stability
6.5 Dielectric Stability
6.5.1 Experimental – Dielectric Stability
6.5.2 Results – Dielectric Stability
6.5.3 Conclusions – Dielectric Stability
6.6 Ultrasmall Tunnel Junctions
6.6.1 Experimental – Ultrasmall Tunnel Junctions
6.6.2 Results – Ultrasmall Tunnel Junctions
6.6.3 Conclusions – Ultrasmall Tunnel Junctions
6.7 Summary
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 7
7 Electrodeposition of Multilayered Nanostructures
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Fundamentals of Electrodeposition
7.3 Experimental Methods
7.4 Electrochemical Characterization
7.5 Structural Characterization
7.6 Magnetoresistance
7.7 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 8
8 Magnetic Anisotropies of FeO and NiMn Films
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Experimental Procedures
8.2.1 Sample Preparation and Characterization
8.2.2 FMR Measurements
8.3 Experimental Results
8.3.1 Fe_3O_4 Films on MgO(100)
8.3.2 Ni(77)Mn_(23) Films
8.4 Theoretical Model
8.5 Theoretical Analysis
8.5.1 Fe_3O_4 Films on MgO(100)
8.5.2 Ni_(77)Mn_(23) Films
8.6 Conclusion
8.6.1 Fe_3O_4 Films
8.6.2 NiMn Films
References
Chapter 9
9 Low Temperature Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline Iron
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Experimental Details
9.3 Results and Discussion
9.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 10
10 Dynamics of Magnetization Reversal in Models of Magnetic Nanoparticles and Ultrathin Films
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Theory of Magnetization Switching in Anisotropic Magnets
10.2.1 Effects of Magnetic Anisotropy
10.2.2 Application of Nucleation Theory to Magnetization Reversal
10.2.3 Statistical-Mechanical Model Systems
10.3 Finite-Temperature Micromagnetics Results for Nanoparticles
10.4 Hysteresis
10.4.1 Hysteresis-Loop Areas
10.4.2 Dynamic Phase Transition
10.5 Summary
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 11
11 Dipolar Effects in Magnetic Nanostructures
11.1 Introduction
11.2 The Local Dipolar Interaction
11.2.1 Other Sources of Anisotropy
11.2.2 Lattice Sums and Lattice Integrals
11.3 Stable and Metastable States for Vector (XY) Spins
11.3.1 Magnetic Domains
11.3.2 Topological Defects
11.3.3 Generalization to Non XY Spins
11.3.4 Beyond Second Order Derivatives
11.4 Dynamics: Magnetic Resonance of Topological Defects
11.5 Comparison with Experimental and Numerical Results
Chapter 12
12 Novel Magnetic Materials Based on HTSC-Ferrite Heterostructures and Co/SiO_2 Nanocomposites
12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Magnetic Ordering and Magnetic Materials
12.1.2 High-T_c Superconductors
12.1.3 NMR in Magnetically Ordered Materials
12.1.4 Other Methods Used for the Investigation of Magnetically Ordered Systems
12.2 Properties of Nanostructured Objects
12.2.1 Ultrathin Films and Dispersed Nanocomposites
12.2.2 Cobalt Nanostructures
12.3 Ferrite/Superconductor Thin Film System
12.4 Magnetically Ordered Nanocomposites Based on Porous Media
12.4.1 Synthesis of Cobalt Nanocomposites
12.4.2 Characterization of the Nanocomposites
12.4.3 NMR in Co-SiO_2 Nanocomposites
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 13
13 Influence of Nanocrystalline Ferrite Particles on Properties of Magnetic Systems
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Powder Preparation by Glass Crystallization Method (GCM)
13.3 Magnetic Ba-ferrite Particles in Ferrofluids
13.3.1 Motivation for Ba-ferrite Containing Ferrofluids
13.3.2 Ferrofluid Preparation
13.3.3 Magnetic and Structure Investigations
Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 14
14 Phase Stability, Structural and Magnetic Properties of Some CMR Manganites
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Experimental
14.3 Results and Discussions
14.3.1 La_(1.2)(Sr_(1-x)Ca_x)(1.8)Mn_2O_7 and Ca(3-y)La_yMn_2O_7
14.3.2 La_(0.)7Ce_(0.3)MnO_3 and La_(0.7)MnO_3
14.3.3 La_(0.67)Ca_(0.33)Mn_(1-x)Co_xO_3 and La_(0.67)Ca_(0.33)Mn_(1-y)Cr_yO_3
14.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 15
15 Colossal Magnetoresistance in Screen Printed Manganite Films
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Processing of La_(0.67)Ca_(0.33)MnO_3 Thick Films
15.2.1 Calcination of the Chemical Composition
15.2.2 Fabrication of Thick Films
15.2.3 Sintering of La_(0.67)Ca_(0.33)MnO_3 Thick Films
15.2.4 Microstructures of La_(0.67)Ca_(0.33)MnO_3 on Different Substrates
15.2.5 XRD of La_(0.67)Ca_(0.33)MnO_3 Thick Films on Different Substrates
15.2.6 Physical Properties of La_(0.67)Ca_(0.33)MnO_3 Thick Films
15.2.7 Magnetic Properties La_(0.67)Ca_(0.33)MnO_3 Thick Films
15.2.8 MR as a Function of Magnetisation for La_(0.67)Ca_(0.33)MnO_3 Thick Films
15.2.9 Post-annealing of La_(0.67)Ca_(0.33)MnO_3 Thick Films
15.2.10 Reproducibility of La_(0.67)Ca_(0.33)MnO_3 Thick Films
15.3 Processing of La_(0.63)Y_(0.07)Ca_(0.30)MnO_3 Thick Films
15.3.1 Calcination of the Composition and Fabrication of Thick Films
15.3.2 Sintering of La_(0.63)Y_(0.07)Ca_(0.30)MnO_3 Thick Films
15.3.3 Microstructures of La_(0.63)Y_(0.07)Ca_(0.30)MnO_3 Thick Films on Different Substrates
15.3.4 Physical Properties of La_(0.63)Y_(0.07)Ca_(0.30)MnO_3 Thick Films
15.4 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 16
16 Device Applications Using Spin Dependent Tunneling and Nanostructured Materials
16.1 Introduction
16.1.1 Scope
16.1.2 Why Magnetoresistance?
16.1.3 Physics Background
16.2 Applications
16.2.1 Generic Magnetic Field Sensor
16.2.2 Isolators
16.2.3 Nanocrystalline Ferromagnetic Devices
16.2.4 Magnetic Nano-particle Detection
16.3 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References