Nanostructured Biomaterials: Basic Structures and Applications (Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials)

✍ Scribed by Bibhu Prasad Swain (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2022
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 460
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book presents recent advances in nanostructured biomaterials. It covers the structures and applications of advanced nanostructured biomaterials. The topics covered include overview on biological activities of thiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, pyrazole derivatives, tetrazole derivatives, benzimidazole derivatives, oxazole, isoxazoles, etc. The book also covers the topic of nanocarriers as drug delivery vectors. Given the contents, the book will be useful for students, researchers and professionals working in the area of biomaterials and nanomaterials.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
About the Editor
1 Brief History, Pathophysiology, Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Virus, and Recent Advances on Transition Metal Complexes and Nanocomposites as the Potent Antiviral Agents from COVID-19 Perspectives
1 Introduction
2 Brief History and Origin of SARS-CoV-2 (Novel Coronavirus)
2.1 HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 (Viral Strain)
2.2 SARS-CoV
2.3 MERS-CoV
2.4 SARS-CoV-2
3 The Genomic Structure of SARS-CoV-2
3.1 Functions of Non-structural and Structural Proteins
4 Pathogenesis and Life Cycle of SARS-CoV-2
5 Cell Cycle
6 Repurposed FDA-Approved Antiviral Drugs for the Treatment of COVID-19
6.1 Single Drug
6.2 The Combined Drugs
6.3 The Triple Combine Drug
7 Transition Metal-Based Antiviral Agents
7.1 Vanadium (V)
7.2 Manganese (Mn)
7.3 Iron (Fe)
7.4 Cobalt (Co)
7.5 Nickel (Ni)
7.6 Copper (Cu)
7.7 Zinc (Zn)
7.8 Platinum (Pt) and Palladium (Pd)
7.9 Ruthenium (Ru)
7.10 Gold (Au)
8 Nanoparticles-Based Antiviral Agent
8.1 Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs)
8.2 Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs)
8.3 Graphene Oxide (GO) and Quantum Dots
8.4 Zinc Oxide
9 Transition Metal Complexes and Nanocomposite from COVID-19 Perspective
10 Summary and Conclusion
References
2 Nanocarriers as Drug Delivery Vectors
1 Introduction
2 Nanocarriers Delivery to the Specific Site
3 Classifications of Nanocarriers
3.1 Liposomes
3.2 Solid Lipid-Based Nanocarriers
3.3 Polymer-Based Nanocarriers
3.4 Dendrimer-Based Nanocarriers
4 Conclusion
References
3 Cocrystals and Their Induced Activity of Drugs
1 Introduction
2 Pharmaceutical Cocrystals
3 Mechanochemical Cocrystallization
4 Mechanisms of Mechanical Cocrystallization
5 Neat Grinding Versus Liquid-Assisted Grinding
6 A Brief Overview of Mechanochemistry in Drug Discovery
7 Characterization of Cocrystals
8 Benefits of Cocrystals
9 Conclusion
10 Future Research
References
4 An Introduction on Evolution of Azole Derivatives in Medicinal Chemistry
1 Introduction
2 Biological Activities of Azole Derivatives
2.1 Mechanism of Action of Azole Antifungals
2.2 SAR of Azole Antifungals
2.3 Molecular Mechanism of Azole Antifungals
2.4 Mechanism of Action of Azole Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
2.5 Molecular Mechanism of Azole NSAIDS
3 Summary/Conclusion
References
5 Overview on Biological Activities of Thiazole Derivatives
1 Introduction
2 Antitumour Activity of Thiazole Derivatives
2.1 Mechanism of Antitumour Activity of Thiazole Derivatives
3 Antimicrobial Activity of Thiazole Derivatives
4 Antifungal Activity of Thiazole Derivatives
5 Anticonvulsant Activity of Thiazole Derivatives
6 Antibacterial Activity of Thiazole Derivatives
7 Anthelmintic and Insecticidal Activity of Thiazole Derivatives
7.1 Thiazoles as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
8 Summary/Conclusion
References
6 Overview on Biological Activities of Imidazole Derivatives
1 Introduction
2 Naturally Occurring Imidazole and Their Activity
2.1 Role of Histamine in Biological System
2.2 Biological Importance of Biotin
3 Anticancer Activity of Imidazole Derivatives
3.1 Mechanism of Action of Imidazole Drug Derivatives
3.2 Molecular Mechanism of Imidazole Drugs as Anticancer Agents
4 Imidazoles as Anti-Angiogenic Agents by Targeting VEGF
5 Imidazoles Targeting Mitotic Spindle Microtubules
6 Imidazole as Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
7 Summary/Conclusion
References
7 Overview on Biological Activities of Pyrazole Derivatives
1 Introduction
2 Mechanism of Action of Pyrazole NSAIDs
3 Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Pyrazole Derivatives
4 Anticancer Activity of Pyrazole Derivatives
5 Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Activity of Pyrazole Derivatives
6 Anti-tubercular Activity of Pyrazole Derivatives
7 Antiviral Activity of Pyrazole Derivatives
8 Anti-Alzheimer Activity of Pyrazole Derivatives
9 Antidiabetic Activity of Pyrazole Derivatives
10 Anti-leishmanial Activity of Pyrazole Derivatives
11 Antimalarial Activity of Pyrazole Derivatives
12 Anti-Parkinson Activity of Pyrazole Derivatives
13 Agrochemical Activity of Pyrazole Derivatives
14 Summary/Conclusion
References
8 An Overview on Biological Evaluation of Tetrazole Derivatives
1 Introduction
1.1 Mechanism of Action of Cefotetan
1.2 The Arrangements of the Existence of the Tetrazole Ring
2 Tetrazoles Drugs and Their Hypotensive Action
2.1 Mechanism of Action
3 Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Tetrazole Derivatives
4 Antifungal Activity of Tetrazole Derivatives
4.1 Mechanism of Tetrazoles as Antifungal Agents
5 Antiviral Activity of Tetrazole Derivatives
6 Anticancer Activity of Tetrazole Derivatives
7 Anticonvulsant Activity of Tetrazole Derivatives
8 Hypoglycaemic Activity of Tetrazole Derivatives
9 Antihistaminic Activity of Tetrazole Derivatives
10 Antiparasitic Activity of Tetrazole Derivatives
11 Summary/Conclusion
References
9 An Overview on Biological Activity of Benzimidazole Derivatives
1 Introduction
1.1 Benzimidazoles and Their Pharmaceutical Drugs
2 Antimicrobial Activity of Benzimidazole Derivatives
3 Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Activity of Benzimidazole Derivatives
4 Anticancer Activity of Benzimidazole Derivatives
5 Anti-HIV Activity of Benzimidazole Derivatives
6 Summary/Conclusion
References
10 An Overview on Biological Activities of Oxazole, Isoxazoles and 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles Derivatives
1 Introduction
1.1 Biologically Active Oxazole Related Pharmaceutical Drugs
1.2 SAR (Structure–Activity Relationship) of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Compounds
2 Antibacterial Activity of Oxazole Derivatives
3 Oxazoles and Their Clinical Drugs
4 Antifungal Activity of Oxazole Derivatives
5 Anticancer Activity of Oxazole Derivatives
6 Antitubercular Activity of Oxazole Derivatives
7 Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Activity of Oxazole Derivatives
8 Antidiabetic Activity of Oxazole Derivatives
9 Summary/Conclusion
References
11 An Overview on Biological Activities of 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives
1 Introduction
2 Anticancer Activity of 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives
3 Anti-inflammatory Activity of 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives
4 Anti-tubercular Activity of 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives
5 Anti-leishmanial and Anti-trypanosomal Activity of 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives
6 Antimicrobial Activity of 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives
7 Anti-viral Activity of 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives
8 Summary/Conclusion
References
12 Graphene-Derived Nanomaterials and Their Application in COVID-19 Related Prevention, Treatment, and Diagnosis
1 Introduction
2 Role of Graphene in Prevention and Protection Against COVID-19
2.1 Graphene-Coated Face Masks and PPE Kits
2.2 Graphene-Based Surface Coating, Disinfectants, and Sterilization
3 Diagnosis
3.1 Testing
3.2 Detection (Biosensor)
3.3 Treatment
4 Challenges and Limitations
5 Conclusion
References