Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
List of Contributors......Page 13
Series Preface......Page 17
Preface......Page 19
1.1 Introduction......Page 21
1.2 Overview of Adsorption‐Coupled ET......Page 22
1.3 Clean Carbon Electrodes......Page 24
1.4 SECM‐Based Nanogap Voltammetry......Page 27
1.5 Adsorption‐Coupled Outer‐Sphere ET......Page 33
1.6 Self‐Inhibition of Outer‐Sphere ET......Page 36
1.7 Coupling Between Outer‐ and Inner‐Sphere ET......Page 39
1.8 Resolving Outer‐ and Inner‐Sphere ET......Page 43
References......Page 46
2.1 Graphene Overview......Page 53
2.2.1 Capacitance Model......Page 54
2.2.2 Space Charge Capacitance......Page 56
2.2.3 Quantum Capacitance......Page 57
2.3 Capacitance of Graphene......Page 59
2.4.1 Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDCs)......Page 63
2.4.2 2D Nanocrystal or MXenes......Page 64
2.4.3 Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h‐BN)......Page 66
2.4.4 Phosphorene......Page 67
2.5.2 Template‐Assisted Graphene......Page 69
2.5.3 Graphene Aerogels......Page 71
2.5.4 Pillared Graphene Frameworks (PGFs)......Page 74
2.6 The Influence of Heteroatom Doping on Graphene......Page 76
2.6.1 Oxygen‐Doped Graphene......Page 77
2.6.2 Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene......Page 78
2.6.4 Use of Other Elements to Dope Graphene......Page 81
2.6.5 Co‐doped Graphene......Page 83
2.6.6 Multi‐element Doping of Graphene......Page 84
2.7.1 General Principles of Supercapacitors......Page 85
2.7.2 Graphene‐Based Supercapacitors and Novel Cell Design......Page 88
2.7.3 Li/Na Ion Capacitors......Page 90
2.8 Summary and Future Outlook......Page 91
References......Page 95
3.1 Introduction......Page 105
3.2 Graphite as an Anode Material in Li Ion Batteries......Page 106
3.3 Graphene and Related Materials as Anode Material in Li Ion Batteries......Page 109
3.3.1 Graphene and Related Materials as Anode Material in LIBs‐Science and Practicality......Page 110
3.3.2.2 rGO‐Li4Ti5O12 System......Page 111
3.3.3.1 MMoO4 (i.e., M = Fe, Co, Ni, Ca, Mn, Zn, and Cu)......Page 112
3.3.3.2 Mo‐Cluster Oxysalts (i.e., A2Mo3O8 Type, A = Fe, Co, Mn, and Zn or LiHoMo3O8)......Page 115
3.3.4.1 rGO‐Si System......Page 117
3.3.4.2 rGO‐Ge System......Page 119
3.3.4.3 rGO‐SnO2 System......Page 130
References......Page 134
4.1 Introduction......Page 143
4.2.1 Nanocarbon as Active Material for SCs......Page 145
4.3 Fabrication of Nanocarbon‐Based Electrodes for TEESDs......Page 147
4.3.1 Direct Coating on Existing Textile Fibers, Yarns and Fabrics......Page 148
4.4 In‐Situ Growth on Textile Surfaces......Page 150
4.4.1 Direct Spinning of Nanocarbon Fibers......Page 153
4.5 Conclusion and Perspective......Page 156
References......Page 157
5.2 The Working Mechanism and Challenges of Li–S Batteries......Page 165
5.3 Flexible Cathode Hosts for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries......Page 166
5.4 Electrolyte Membranes for Flexible Li–S Batteries......Page 175
5.5 Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Flexible Li–S Batteries......Page 177
5.7 Composite Polymer Electrolytes for Flexible Li–S Batteries......Page 179
5.8 Separator for Flexible Li–S Batteries......Page 181
References......Page 185
6.1 Introduction......Page 191
6.2.1 Supercapacitor......Page 192
6.2.1.1 Diamond EDLCs......Page 193
6.2.1.2 Diamond PC......Page 197
6.2.1.3 Supercapacitor Device......Page 199
6.2.2 Battery......Page 200
6.3.1 Fuel Cell......Page 203
6.3.2 Solar Cell......Page 206
6.4 Electrocatalysis for CO2 Conversion......Page 207
6.5 Summary and Outlook......Page 211
References......Page 212
7.1 Introduction......Page 221
7.2 High‐Performing Nanocarbon Electrocatalysts......Page 223
7.2.1 Zero‐Dimensional (0D) Carbon Materials......Page 224
7.2.1.2 Carbon Nano‐Onions......Page 225
7.2.1.3 Carbon Blacks and Activated Carbons......Page 227
7.2.2 High Aspect Ratio (1D) Nanocarbons......Page 228
7.2.2.1 Nanohorns......Page 229
7.2.2.2 Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers......Page 231
7.2.3.1 Graphene and Graphene Nanoribbons......Page 236
7.2.4 Three‐Dimensional (3D) Carbon Materials......Page 241
7.2.4.1 Bottom‐Up Synthesis of 3D Networks......Page 242
7.2.4.2 Templated 3D Superstructures......Page 244
7.3 Carbon Model Systems......Page 245
7.3.1 HOPG......Page 249
7.3.2 Graphene......Page 253
7.3.3 Amorphous Carbon......Page 256
7.4 Concluding Remarks and Outlook......Page 259
References......Page 260
8.1 Introduction......Page 271
8.2 MOF‐Derived Porous Carbon Catalysts......Page 273
8.2.1 Heteroatoms Dopant Effects on MOF‐Based Porous Carbon Catalysts......Page 274
8.2.2 MOF‐Derived Carbon Composites......Page 277
8.3 Metal Incorporated MOF‐Derived Porous Carbon Catalysts......Page 279
8.3.1 Impact of Metallic Composition on ORR Activity......Page 280
8.3.2 Heteroatom Dopant Effect on Incorporated Metal and Single Atoms......Page 286
8.3.3 Morphological Influence on the Catalytic Activity......Page 288
8.4 Challenges and Perspective......Page 294
References......Page 296
9.2 Fundamentals of Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence......Page 305
9.3 Coreactants......Page 307
9.5 Electrochemiluminescence at Diamond Electrodes......Page 309
9.6 TPrA......Page 310
9.7 Oxalate......Page 315
9.8 Hydroxyl Radical......Page 319
9.9 Persulfate......Page 323
9.10 Luminol......Page 326
References......Page 332
10.1 Introduction......Page 343
10.2.1 Detection of Pollutants on BDD......Page 344
10.2.2 EC Oxidation of Pollutants on BDD......Page 350
10.2.3 PEC Oxidation of Pollutants on BDD......Page 353
10.3.1 Fabrication and Structures of CA......Page 357
10.3.2.1 Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Organic Pollutants......Page 361
10.3.2.2 Electro‐Fenton and Photo–Electro–Fenton Oxidation of Pollutants......Page 362
10.3.2.3 Efficient Electrosorption‐Promoted Photoelectrochemical Oxidation of Wastewater......Page 364
10.4 Summary......Page 366
References......Page 367
Index......Page 377
EULA......Page 384