Mycotoxins in cereal grain. Part IX. Zearalenone andFusaria in wheat, barley, rye and corn kernels

✍ Scribed by Chelkowski, J. ;Goliński, P. ;Mańka, M. ;Trojanowska, K. ;Wiewiórowska, M. ;Szebiotko, K.

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1983
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 306 KB
• Volume: 27
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0027-769X
• DOI: 10.1002/food.19830270602

✦ Synopsis

Mycotoxins in cereal grain. Part IX. Zearalenone and Fusuvia in wheat, barley, rye and corn kernels' J. CHELKOWSKI, P. GOLINSKI, M. MANKA, K. TROJANOWSKA, M. WIEWI~ROWSKA and K. SZEEXOTKO Toxigenic Fusaria, producing zearalenon, appeared in 3 1 % of cereal grain samples. However zearalenone was present only in 0.5% of 584 cereal samples assayed during 1979-1981 at level 0.2-1.2 mg/kg. Fungi able to form zearalenone were present mainly in grain collected from breeding stations. Fusarium culmorum was dominant among toxigenic isolates from domestic cereals and yield of zearalenone was up to 700 mg/kg. Fungi of Fusarium sp., widespread in the agricultural environment, are able to attack cereals in the field, to reduce crops of cereal grain, to produce numerous toxic compounds and can spoil grain quality during poor storage [l, 5, 13, 171, CHRISTENSEN et al. [5] suggest that Fusaria are common in cereal grain just after harvest and that growth of Fusarium species during grain storage leads to browning and death of kernel embryos. SZYRMER et al. reported on similar observations [17]. The following species of Fusaria were isolated as most common in different countries, which can be producers of zearalenone on cereals: Corn F. moniliforme Sheldon: in USA [ l l , 13, 141, Yugoslavia [15], F. graminearurn Schw.: in Poland [7], Italy [2, 31, F. culnzorum (W.G.Sm) Sacc.

In the case of corn F. moniliforme is very common fungus present in kernels, but with low percentage (-1 %) of toxigenic isolates [2,3, 13, 151.