Multispectral Image Sensors Using Metasurfaces (Progress in Optical Science and Photonics, 17)

✍ Scribed by Xin He, Paul Beckett, Ranjith R Unnithan

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2021
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 122
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book presents how metasurfaces are exploited to develop new low-cost single sensor based multispectral cameras. Multispectral cameras extend the concept of conventional colour cameras to capture images with multiple color bands and with narrow spectral passbands. Images from a multispectral camera can extract significant amount of additional information that the human eye or a normal camera fails to capture and thus have important applications in precision agriculture, forestry, medicine, object identifications, and classifications. Conventional multispectral cameras are made up of multiple image sensors each externally fitted with a narrow passband wavelength filters, optics and multiple electronics. The need for multiple sensors for each band results in a number of problems such as being bulky, power hungry and suffering from image co-registration problems which in turn limits their wide usage. The above problems can be eliminated if a multispectral camera is developed using one single image sensor.​

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Acronyms
1 Introduction to Metasurfaces for Optical Applications
1.1 Conventional Optical Models
1.1.1 The Fabry–Pérot (FP) Etalon
1.1.2 Diffraction Gratings
1.2 Metasurfaces Applied to Conventional Optics
1.2.1 Meta-Lenses
1.2.2 Metasurfaces for Polarization Imaging
1.2.3 Metasurface-Based Plasmonic Filters
1.3 Summary
References
2 Metasurfaces and Multispectral Imaging
2.1 Conventional Color Filters and Image Sensors
2.2 Existing Multispectral Imaging Systems
2.2.1 Subjective MIS Using Narrow-Band Illumination Sources
2.2.2 Objective MIS Using Random Optical Filters
2.2.3 Objective MIS Using Multiple Cameras and Optical Filters
2.2.4 MIS Using Integration of Filter Array with Single Image Sensor
2.3 Existing Narrow Passband Filter Techniques
2.3.1 Multilayer Coatings
2.3.2 Dielectric Guided-Mode-Resonance Filters (GMRF)
2.3.3 Silicon Nanowire
2.4 Plasmonic Filters Based on Metallic Surfaces
2.4.1 Nano-Slit Gratings
2.4.2 Nanohole Arrays
2.4.3 Nanoparticles
2.4.4 Apertures
2.5 Summary
References
3 Transmission Enhancement in Coaxial Hole Array Based Plasmonic Color Filters
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Simulation Model and Optimization Method
3.3 Experimental Results
3.4 Summary
References
4 CMY Camera Using Nanorod Filter Mosaic Integrated on a CMOS Image Sensor
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Results
4.2.1 Filter Design
4.2.2 Color Mosaic Fabrication
4.2.3 Filter Integration and Image Reconstruction
4.3 Summary
References
5 A Single Sensor Based Multispectral Imaging Camera
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Hybrid Color Mosaic
5.2.1 3-D Design and Optimization
5.2.2 Fabrication Methods
5.2.3 Spectrum Measurement and Discussion
5.3 Summary
References
6 Hybrid Color Filters for Multispectral Imaging
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Design of Hybrid Multispectral Filters
6.2.1 Angle Independent Narrow Bandpass Filters Based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances
6.2.2 Metallic Nanohole Array Integrated on a Dielectric Multilayer for IR Multispectral Imaging
6.3 Summary
References
7 Conclusions and Future Outlook
Appendix A Simulation and Nanofabrication Methods
A.1 Geometrical Structures and Boundaries
A.1.1 Boundary Conditions
A.1.1.1 Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) and Scattering Boundary Condition (SBC)
A.1.1.2 Port Boundary Conditions
A.1.1.3 Perfect Electric Conductor (PEC) and Perfect Magnetic Conductor (PMC) Conditions
A.1.1.4 Periodic and Transition Boundary Conditions
A.1.2 Meshing
A.2 Nanofabrication Methods
A.2.1 Optical Materials
A.2.2 Lithographic Techniques
A.2.3 Thin Film Deposition
A.2.3.1 Materials Characterization
References