Abstract
The aim of this work was to demonstrate the feasibility of MRI‐guided coronary artery catheterization and intervention in a dog model. Experiments were performed on 10 healthy dogs. A 9F introducer sheath was placed through a right carotid artery cutdown. A prototype 0.014‐inch coronary MRI guidewire, a prototype 7 French MRI‐guiding catheter, and two flexible surface coils were connected to a GE 1.5 T CV/i scanner for simultaneous visualization of the guidewire, guiding catheter, and chest anatomy. Images were displayed in real time on an in‐room monitor. A nongated, single‐slice fast gradient‐echo sequence was used to obtain real‐time images of the catheters and background anatomy during the intervention. Fifteen selective catheterizations were attempted in the coronary arteries, and all were successful. Selective injection of diluted gadolinium into the MRI‐guiding catheter provided dynamic 2D projection coronary angiography in all cases, confirming successful catheterization. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was attempted after two catheterizations, and all attempts were successful. Inflation of the balloon angioplasty catheter was performed successfully in the left anterior and circumflex arteries. Our results indicate that coronary artery catheterization and intracoronary balloon angioplasty are feasible with MRI guidance only. MRI guidance may be used as an alternative to X‐ray guidance in coronary artery interventions in the future. Magn Reson Med 49:258–263, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.