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MONOKINE EXPRESSION IN LANGERHANS' CELL HISTIOCYTOSIS AND SINUS HISTIOCYTOSIS WITH MASSIVE LYMPHADENOPATHY (ROSAI-DORFMAN DISEASE)

✍ Scribed by FOSS, HANS-DIETER; HERBST, HERMANN; ARAUJO, IGUARACYRA; HUMMEL, MICHAEL; BERG, ERIKA; SCHMITT-GRÄFF, ANNETTE; STEIN, HARALD

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
1996
Tongue
English
Weight
797 KB
Volume
179
Category
Article
ISSN
0022-3417

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✦ Synopsis

Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a clonal proliferation of Langerhans cells (LC) showing histologically an abundant reactive infiltrate composed of macrophages and lymphocytes, as well as eosinophilic and neutrophilic granulocytes. Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) shows a sinusoidal accumulation of large histiocytic cells with an immunophenotype similar to L C of LCH. The histological picture of L C H is reminiscent of an inflammatory disorder and L C may produce cytokines and are influenced by these soluble factors. This study set out to establish the monokine expression pattern in L C H in comparison with those of RDD; dermatopathic lymphadenopathy, which also shows a proliferation of S100-positive dendritic cells; and L C in normal skin specimens. Isotopic in situ hybridization was used for the detection of transcripts of tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-lB, in some cases combined with immunohistology for the SlOO protein or CD68. In all 11 tissue samples from eight patients, L C of LCH expressed TNF-a; in two cases IL-161 transcripts were additionally noted in some LC, whereas IL-6 was found in reactive cells. Large histiocytic cells of RDD expressed all three monokines, whereas minimal or no expression of these cytokines could be detected in interdigitating reticulum cells in dermatopathic lymphadenopathy. In two out of five normal skin samples, only TNF-a specific signals were observed in LC. These data suggest that histologically different lesions of the histiocyticldendritic cell system display distinct cytokine profiles. The expression of monokines, which have been demonstrated to influence various functions of epidermal LC, may play a role in the pathogenesis of LCH. Systemic symptoms in RDD may be related to enhanced production of monokines in these lesions.

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