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Modeled gravitational unloading induced downregulation of endothelin-1 in human endothelial cells

✍ Scribed by Manfred Infanger; Claudia Ulbrich; Sarah Baatout; Markus Wehland; Reinhold Kreutz; Johann Bauer; Jirka Grosse; Sonia Vadrucci; Augusto Cogoli; Hanane Derradji; Mieke Neefs; Sabine Küsters; Mike Spain; Martin Paul; Daniela Grimm

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2007
Tongue
English
Weight
505 KB
Volume
101
Category
Article
ISSN
0730-2312

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Many space missions have shown that prolonged space flights may increase the risk of cardiovascular problems. Using a three‐dimensional clinostat, we investigated human endothelial EA.hy926 cells up to 10 days under conditions of simulated microgravity (µg) to distinguish transient from long‐term effects of µg and 1g. Maximum expression of all selected genes occurred after 10 min of clinorotation. Gene expression (osteopontin, Fas, TGF‐β~1~) declined to slightly upregulated levels or rose again (caspase‐3) after the fourth day of clinorotation. Caspase‐3, Bax, and Bcl‐2 protein content was enhanced for 10 days of microgravity. In addition, long‐term accumulation of collagen type I and III and alterations of the cytoskeletal alpha‐ and beta‐tubulins and F‐actin were detectable. A significantly reduced release of soluble factors in simulated microgravity was measured for brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, tissue factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and interestingly for endothelin‐1, which is important in keeping cardiovascular balances. The gene expression of endothelin‐1 was suppressed under µg conditions at days 7 and 10. Alterations of the vascular endothelium together with a decreased release of endothelin‐1 may entail post‐flight health hazards for astronauts. J. Cell. Biochem. J. Cell. Biochem. 101: 1439–1455, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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