Materials for Biomedical Simulation: Design, Development and Characterization

✍ Scribed by Arnab Chanda; Sarabjeet Singh Sidhu; Gurpreet Singh

• Publisher: Springer Nature
• Year: 2023
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 199
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

The book provides an overview of prospective material simulants for hard tissues, such as knee joints, hip joint, and bones, and soft tissues, such as skin, muscles, and functional organs. These materials can repair, replace the functionality, or mimic the mechanical, structural, and biological properties of the parent tissue. This book discusses hard and soft human tissue simulating biomaterials under a single umbrella, covering a broad area of design and development of biomaterials, implants, and multi-functional materials along with their characterization. The progress in emerging biomaterials has increased manifold in the recent decades with the unprecedented focus on healthcare technologies. This book is dedicated to ground-breaking research in biomaterials and highlights the current trends and future roadmap of different materials for simulation of hard and soft tissues. Authored by prominent researchers around the globe, the chapters of this book emphasize recent advances in biomedical material simulation. This book brings together novel contributions to different aspects of hard and soft human tissue-based biomaterials, including recent advances and emerging developments in designing and developing simulants for tissue replacement alternatives. This book is anticipated to serve as a key reference textbook for research in tissue engineering & biomedical engineering, biomaterials, biomechanics, and implant & medical device development with contributed chapters solicited in the areas of soft materials, such as elastomers, hydrogels, etc., for various applications; auxetic metamaterials; additive manufacturing of bio-implants; artificial tissues and organs; development of biomimetic materials; medical implants and biomedical device design; bioinspired and bio-tribological materials; advances in materials science for biomaterial applications; biomechanical characterization of hard and soft human tissues; bioprinting and nano-biomaterials.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
Editors and Contributors
1 Auxetic Materials for Biomedical and Tissue Engineering
1 Introduction
2 Properties of Auxetic Materials
2.1 Negative Poisson’s Ratio
2.2 Shear Resistance
2.3 Indentation Resistance
2.4 Fracture Resistance
2.5 Synclastic Behavior
2.6 Variable Permeability/Porosity
2.7 Energy Absorption
3 Types of Auxetic Structures
3.1 Re-entrant Structures
3.2 Rotating (Semi-) Rigid Structures
3.3 Crumpled Sheets
3.4 Perforated Sheets
3.5 Chiral Structures
3.6 Auxetic Gels
4 Fabrication of Auxetic Biomaterials
5 Applications of Auxetic Materials in Biomedical Engineering
5.1 Implants
5.2 Stents
5.3 Tissue Engineering
6 Conclusion
References
2 Advances in Orthotic Prosthetic Design: Challenges and Applications
1 Introduction
2 Historical Development of Orthotics and Prosthetics
3 User Needs Analysis and Current State-of-the-Art
4 Process of Development of Prosthesis and Orthotics for Patients
4.1 3D Anatomical Data Acquisition Technologies
4.2 Rapid Prototyping Technologies for Orthotic Devices
5 Materials Used for Fabricating Prosthetics and Orthotics
5.1 Wood Prosthetics and Orthotics
5.2 Metal and Leather Prosthetics and Orthotics
5.3 Plastic Prosthetics and Orthotics
5.4 Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Composite Prosthetics and Orthotics
6 Finite-Element Modeling of Prosthetics and Orthotics
7 Neural Prosthetics and Signal Processing
8 Chronic Electrode-Based Prostheses
9 Application of Machine Learning in Prosthetics
10 Conclusion
References
3 Research Progress of Self-Healing Elastomers Materials: Processing and Characterization
1 Introduction
1.1 Problem Formulation
2 Experimental Setup and Method
2.1 Adaptive Tool Feed
3 Enhancing Visibility
4 Results and Discussions
4.1 Self-Healing Assessment
4.2 Electrochemical Discharge Based Drilling
5 Conclusions
6 Scope of Future Work
References
4 Biomechanical Modelling of Hierarchical Metamaterials for Skin Grafting
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Geometrical Modeling
2.2 Fabrication of Skin Graft Simulants
2.3 Mechanical Testing
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Stress Analysis of Hierarchical Auxetic Skin Graft Simulants
3.2 Poisson’s Ratio Analysis of Hierarchical Auxetic Skin Graft Simulants
3.3 Meshing Ratio Analysis of Hierarchical Auxetic Skin Graft Simulants
3.4 Void Area Analysis of Hierarchical Auxetic Skin Graft Simulants
4 Conclusions
References
5 Machining Performance of Cobalt-Chromium and β-Type Titanium Biomedical Alloy
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Result and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
6 Traction Performance of Barefoot Heel Simulant in Contaminated Bathroom Flooring Tiles
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Design of Barefoot Surrogate
2.2 Fabrication of Heel Surrogate
2.3 Slip Testing Experiments
2.4 Data Analysis
3 Results and Discussions
3.1 Repeatability Nature of Heel Surrogate
3.2 Barefoot ACOF Outcomes with Different Contaminants on Different Floorings
3.3 Variation of Barefoot ACOF with Surface Roughness
3.4 Correlation Between Barefoot ACOF and Surface Roughness
3.5 Generalizable Barefoot ACOF Across Floorings and Contaminants
4 Conclusions
References
7 Development and Biomechanical Testing of Human Stomach Tissue Surrogates
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 3D-Printing of Designed Mold
2.2 Fabrication of Candidate Samples for Tissue Surrogates
2.3 Mechanical Testing of Fabricated Candidate Samples
2.4 Material Modeling of Stomach Tissue Surrogates
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Mechanical Testing of Candidate Stomach Tissue Surrogate Samples
3.2 Repeatability Test of the Controlled Specimens
3.3 Hyperelastic Non-linear Curve Fits
4 Conclusions
References
8 Hip Joint Prosthesis Using SiC CMC and Ti-6Al-4V Materials
1 Introduction
2 Geometric and Material Specification
3 Methodology
3.1 Mesh Topology
3.2 Boundary Conditions
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
9 Applications of Nano Materials in Dental Sciences and Scope in Future Practice
1 Introduction to Nanotechnology
2 Nano Dentistry
3 Applications in Diagnosis
4 Application of Nano Dentistry in Conservative and Restorative Treatment of Teeth
5 Applications in Endodontics Treatment
6 Applications in Orthodontic Treatment
7 Applications in Prosthodontic Treatment
8 Application in Dental Implants
9 Applications Preventive Therapy
10 Applications in Regenerative Therapy
11 Conclusion
References
10 Biofidelic Tongue and Tonsils Tissue Surrogates
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Fabrication of Human Tongue and Tonsils Tissue Surrogates
2.2 Mechanical Testing of Fabricated Sample Coupons
2.3 Non-linear Material Modeling
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Mechanical Behavior of the Tested Samples for Tongue and Tonsils Tissue Surrogates
3.2 Non-linear Hyperelastic Curve Fitting
4 Conclusions
References
11 Polymeric Biomaterials for Bioprinting Applications
1 Introduction
1.1 Biomaterials and Its Classification
1.2 Polymeric Biomaterials
1.3 Tissue Engineering
2 3D Printing
2.1 3D Bioprinting
2.2 Bioink Requirements for 3D Bioprinting
2.3 Application of Natural Polymeric Biomaterials in Bioprinting
2.4 Future Scope and Summary
References