Manual of Botulinum Toxin Therapy

✍ Scribed by Daniel Truong, Dirk Dressler, Mark Hallett

• Publisher: Cambridge University Press
• Year: 2009
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 236
• Series: Cambridge Medicine
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

The Manual of Botulinum Toxin Therapy provides practical guidance on the use of botulinum toxin in a wide variety of disorders, in many areas of medicine. Using clear line drawings, it describes the relevant injection sites for each condition and gives comparative dosage tables for the various formulations of toxin used in different muscle groups. It also provides the most up-to-date review of the range of applications, including coverage of promising future developments. The emphasis throughout is on technique. This book can be read as a teaching aid, and will also be useful for immediate bedside guidance. This Manual will be of interest to the growing band of clinicians discovering the potential of botulinum toxin, including neurologists, otolaryngologists, urologists, ophthalmologists, dermatologists, internists, pain management specialists, rehabilitation specialists and plastic surgeons.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover......Page 1
Half-title......Page 3
Title......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Dedication......Page 7
Contents......Page 9
Contributors......Page 11
Foreword......Page 15
Preface......Page 17
Botulism outbreaks in Germany in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries......Page 19
Justinus Kerner's observations and publications on botulinum toxin 1817-1822......Page 20
Botulism research after Kerner......Page 22
Botulinum toxin research in the early twentieth century......Page 23
Swords to ploughshares......Page 24
References......Page 25
2 Botulinum toxin: history of clinical development......Page 27
References......Page 29
Structure......Page 31
Mode of action......Page 32
Botulinum toxin drugs......Page 34
Immunological quality......Page 35
Safety aspects and adverse effects......Page 37
References......Page 38
Methods for the detection and quantification of neutralizing BoNT-AB......Page 41
Reactions of the organism to botulinum toxin......Page 42
Product specificity of immune responses......Page 43
References......Page 45
Introduction......Page 47
BoNT in CD......Page 49
Interspinalis cervicis......Page 50
Longus capitis......Page 51
Obliquus capitis superior......Page 52
Semispinalis cervicis......Page 53
Physical examination of the CD patient......Page 54
BoNT injection procedure......Page 56
References......Page 59
6 Treatment of hemifacial spasm......Page 61
References......Page 65
Anatomy of the periocular muscles......Page 67
Botulinum toxin treatment techniques......Page 68
References......Page 69
Epidemiology, clinical features, and etiology......Page 71
Treatment options of oromandibular dystonia......Page 72
Jaw-closing oromandibular dystonia......Page 73
Jaw-opening oromandibular dystonia......Page 74
Lingual oromandibular dystonia......Page 76
References......Page 77
Writer's cramp......Page 79
Disability in writer's cramp......Page 80
Writer's cramp......Page 81
Botulinum toxin therapy......Page 82
Flexor pollicis brevis (FPB)......Page 83
Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)......Page 84
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)......Page 85
Focal extensor subtype......Page 86
Extensor pollicis longus (EPL)......Page 87
Extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB)......Page 88
Extensor digitorum communis (EDC)......Page 89
Alternative methods for muscle localization......Page 90
Other focal dystonias......Page 91
References......Page 92
General......Page 95
Indications......Page 96
Dosage......Page 97
Complications, adverse outcomes......Page 98
Protective ptosis......Page 99
Orbital injection for nystagmus......Page 100
Treatment of entropion......Page 101
References......Page 102
Muscles injected with botulinum toxin in ADSD......Page 103
Percutaneous technique......Page 104
Botulinum toxin doses......Page 105
Injection technique and muscles injected......Page 107
References......Page 108
Palatal tremor......Page 111
Hypersalivation, sialorrhea......Page 113
Gustatory sweating, Frey's syndrome......Page 114
Rhinorrhea, intrinsic rhinitis......Page 115
Hyperlacrimation......Page 116
References......Page 117
Individual muscle doses......Page 119
Spasticity patterns......Page 120
Flexion at distal interphalangeal joints......Page 122
Thumb curling......Page 123
Wrist flexion......Page 124
Elbow flexion......Page 125
Plantarflexion spasm......Page 126
Extensor posturing at the knee......Page 128
Toe extension......Page 129
References......Page 130
Classification......Page 133
Unilateral cerebral palsy: spastic hemiplegia......Page 134
Lower limb......Page 135
Bilateral cerebral palsy: spastic quadriplegia......Page 136
Treatment techniques......Page 137
Adverse effects......Page 138
References......Page 139
Conventional treatment options......Page 141
Botulinum toxin therapy......Page 143
Technique of botulinum toxin treatment in primary axillary hyperhidrosis......Page 145
Technique of botulinum toxin treatment in primary palmar hyperhidrosis......Page 147
References......Page 148
Review of the anatomy......Page 151
Treatment techniques and guidelines......Page 152
Cosmetic uses of botulinum toxin......Page 153
Forehead......Page 154
Brow lift......Page 155
Mouth......Page 156
Neck......Page 157
Side effects......Page 158
References......Page 160
Achalasia......Page 161
Spastic esophageal disorders......Page 163
Obesity......Page 164
Gastroparesis......Page 166
Chronic anal fissure......Page 167
Proctalgia fugax......Page 169
References......Page 170
Chronic pelvic pain......Page 171
Vulvodynia and chronic pelvic pain......Page 173
Detrusor sphincter dyssynergia......Page 175
References......Page 177
Introduction......Page 179
Myofascial pain......Page 180
Forward head posture......Page 182
Cervicobrachial syndrome (Fig. 19.7)......Page 185
Piriformis syndrome......Page 188
Phantom limb pain......Page 189
References......Page 190
Summary of clinical aspects of headache disorders......Page 193
Treatment of headache......Page 194
Treatment guidelines......Page 195
Clinical comparison of efficacy of BoNT in headache disorders......Page 196
Adverse events associated with boNT use......Page 198
Summary......Page 199
References......Page 200
Anatomy of the plantar fascia......Page 203
Randomized, prospective studies of BoNT treatment for plantar fasciitis......Page 204
References......Page 205
Clinical features......Page 207
Anatomy of low back paraspinal muscles......Page 208
Technique of treatment: Yale protocol......Page 210
Side effects......Page 211
References......Page 212
Treatment options......Page 213
Our experience......Page 214
Introduction: tremors......Page 217
Use of botulinum toxin......Page 218
Dosages and muscles injected......Page 219
References......Page 221
Antigenicity......Page 223
Other strategies......Page 224
Rapid onset of action......Page 225
References......Page 226
Index......Page 227