Location, localization, and localizability: location-awareness technology for wireless networks

✍ Scribed by Liu, Yunhao;Yang, Zheng

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2010;2011
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 166
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book reflects up-to-date research, fundamental theories, and key techniques of of wireless localization technology and error-controlling techniques. It also presents and discusses the issue of localizability, as well as privacy issues associated with LBS. This book encompasses the significant and quickly growing area of wireless localization technology. It presents comprehensive and up-to-date research in both fundamental theories and key techniques of network localization. In addition to localization approaches, it also is the first book to address the issue of localizability. The privacy issue of LBS technology is also discussed.

✦ Table of Contents

9.3.1 Regulatory Approaches......Page 3
Location, Localization, and Localizability: Location-awareness Technologyfor Wireless Networks......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Index......Page 7
Preface......Page 8
Anticipated Audience......Page 9
9.4.4 Path Confusion......Page 11
Cover......Page 1
9.2.2 What Is the Negative Consequence of a Location Leak?......Page 2
About the Authors......Page 6
Acknowledgments......Page 10
Contents......Page 12
9.4.5 Comparison......Page 13
9.5 Summary......Page 14
4.4.1 Beacon Nodes......Page 15
1.1.1 Location-Based Applications......Page 16
1.1.2.3 Coverage......Page 19
6.5.2 Implicitly De-emphasizing......Page 18
6.6 Summary......Page 22
1.1.1.1 Motivating Example: GreenOrbs......Page 17
1.1.2.5 Clustering......Page 20
1.3 Book Organization......Page 21
2.1.1 Radio Signal Strength......Page 24
2.1.2 Time of Arrival (ToA)......Page 26
2.1.2.1 Symmetric Double Sided Two-Way Ranging (SDS-TWR)......Page 28
2.1.2.2 BeepBeep......Page 29
2.1.3 Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA)......Page 33
2.2 Angle Measurement......Page 34
2.3.1 Single Reference Area Estimation......Page 35
2.3.2 Multireference Area Estimation......Page 36
2.4 Hop Count Measurements......Page 37
2.5 Neighborhood Measurement......Page 38
3.1 Distance-Based Positioning Techniques......Page 41
3.2 TDoA-Based Positioning Techniques......Page 43
3.3 AoA-Based Positioning Techniques......Page 45
3.4 RSS-Profiling-Based Positioning Techniques......Page 47
3.4.1 Off-line Profiling Scheme......Page 48
4.1 Computation Organization......Page 51
4.2.1 Multidimensional Scaling (MDS)......Page 52
4.2.2 Semidefinite Programming (SDP)......Page 54
4.3.1.1 Iterative Trilateration......Page 56
4.3.1.2 Finite Localization by Bilateration......Page 57
4.3.2.1 Local Map Stitching......Page 60
4.3.2.2 Component Stitching......Page 62
4.4.1 Beacon Nodes......Page 65
4.4.3 Accuracy......Page 66
5.1.1 DV-Hop......Page 69
5.2.1 PDM-Based Localization in Anisotropic Networks......Page 70
5.2.2 Rendered Path in Networks with Holes......Page 72
5.2.3 Delaunay-Complex-Based Localization......Page 76
5.2.3.1 Basic Delaunay-Complex-Based Algorithm......Page 78
5.2.3.2 Incremental Landmark Selection Scheme......Page 79
5.3.1 Point-in-Triangulation Test......Page 81
5.3.2 Perpendicular Intersection......Page 82
5.4 Relative Distance Estimation......Page 84
5.5 Summary......Page 87
6.1.1 Errors in Distance Measurements......Page 89
6.1.2 Negative Impact of Noisy Ranging Results......Page 90
6.2.2 CRLB for Multihop Localization......Page 91
6.2.3 CRLB for One-Hop Localization......Page 92
6.3 Localization......Page 93
6.4 Location Refinement......Page 96
6.4.2 Metrics for Location Refinement......Page 97
6.5 Outlier-Resistant Localization......Page 101
6.5.1 Explicitly Sifting......Page 102
6.5.2 Implicitly De-emphasizing......Page 106
6.6 Summary......Page 110
7.1 Overview......Page 111
7.2.1 Particle Filtering......Page 112
7.2.2 Sequential Monte Carlo Localization......Page 114
7.3 Convex Approximation Localization......Page 116
7.4 Moving-Baseline Localization......Page 119
7.4.1 Techniques for Universal Localization......Page 123
8.1 Network Localizability......Page 124
8.2.1 Globally Rigid Graphs......Page 125
8.2.2 Conditions for Network Localizability......Page 127
8.3.1 Trilateration......Page 128
8.3.2 Wheel......Page 129
8.4 Node Localizability......Page 134
8.5 Summary......Page 142
9.1 Introduction......Page 143
9.2.2 What Is the Negative Consequence of a Location Leak?......Page 144
9.3.1 Regulatory Approaches......Page 145
9.3.2 Privacy Policies......Page 146
9.3.3 Anonymity......Page 147
9.4 Anonymity-Based Approaches......Page 148
9.4.1 k-Anonymity......Page 149
9.4.2 Mix Zone......Page 150
9.4.3 Using Dummies......Page 152
9.4.4 Path Confusion......Page 153
9.4.5 Comparison......Page 155
9.5 Summary......Page 156
Erratum......Page 158
References......Page 159
Index......Page 165